1. Polymers and composites Straight chain- carbons in a chain. Branched chain- is a carbon chain with a branch in it. Carbon ring- is a ring of carbons.

2. Carbon compounds form polymers Polymer- a large complex molecule built from smaller molecules joined together. Monomers- the smaller molecules from which polymers are built.

3. Types of polymers Plant polymers- long strips or fibers made of cellulose, which is a strong natural polymer, which gives strength to plants. Animal polymers- proteins are polymers made from amino acids which are monomers. Example: spider webs. Synthetic polymers- polymers that are created by humans using simple compounds to form complex compounds. Plastics- synthetic polymers that can be molded or shaped, usually made from coal or oil.

4. Composites A composite is when you take two substances and combined them to best use their properties. Natural composites- are natural substances combined in nature. Example: cellulose and lignin combine to support trees. Synthetic composites- human substances put together to create a new substance that is better. Example: fiber glass.

5. Metals and alloys Alloy- a substance made of two or more elements that have the properties of metals. Properties of alloys- take on the properties of the metals but are generally stronger and less likely to react with air or water.