1. Recruitment, work environment, types of patrol and discretion Welcome Unit 3 Seminar

2. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 2

3. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 3 We are moving… Unit One – History of Policing Unit Two – Local, State & Federal Agencies

4. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 4 Unit 3 Assignments Discussion board Use of force Quiz Retake to improve grade Seminar Remember to participate Project 1 Due Tuesday evening

5. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 5 Unit 3 Project Paper Minimum of 600 words 4 Police Departments that are currently hiring new recruits How they seek new candidates Current hiring trends in law enforcement Training after they are hired 4 sources of references

6. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 6 Video Time http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Opwx dhqfGI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Opwx dhqfGI Click on the picture to start the video Watch the video Then return to the seminar to discuss the video Sorry no Mayberry

7. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 7 Seminar Question Imagine you are a chief of a police department You need to hire new officers How and where would you look for new candidates?

8. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 8 Places Job Fairs Job Postings Church Groups Community Colleges Military Groups

9. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 9 Seminar Question Why are you interested in a career in law enforcement/ criminal justice?

10. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 10 Why Criminal Justice? Desire to help people Job Security Crime Fighting Job Excitement Prestige Lifetime Interest Page 101

11. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 11 Question In your opinion, what traits make a good cop?

12. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 12 Video Time Copy and paste this web site into a new explorer window or click link http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bnR dxWKVGeY&feature=related Pride http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bnR dxWKVGeY&feature=related Then return to the seminar to discuss the video

13. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 13 Question What are the usual requirements and hurdles candidates have to complete to get hired?

14. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 14 Police Recruitment Admissions test Physical agility test Background check Psychological assessment Suitability Stability Age Criminal Record Drug Screening

15. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 15 Video Time Copy and paste this web site into a new explorer window or click link Academy - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2A5 0tizXFjI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2A5 0tizXFjI Then return to the seminar to discuss the video

16. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 16 Academy - Varies Civilian to Officer Location Length of time Types of classes Dorm vs. Commute Instructional Methods State Exam Computer Based Training

17. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 17 Question What is a ‘beat’? Why is important for an officer to know his/her beat?

18. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 18 Beat Assignments Residents and Business Owners Streets Presence City Services

19. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 19 Question What are the Beat officers responsibilities?

20. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 20 Patrol as Work: Culture of the Beat Major purposes of patrol according to the ABA 1. Deter crime by visible presence 2. Maintain public order 3. Rapid response 4. Identify and apprehend violators 5. Care for those unable to care for themselves

21. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 21 Patrol as Work: Culture of the Beat Facilitate movement of traffic Maintain social order Nonemergency calls to 911 What is a 911 call? Should police respond to every call? Johnnie will not do his homework? Squirrel trapped in attic?

22. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 22 Types of Shifts 8, 10, and 12-hour shifts 12-hour shifts becoming more common Permanent Rotating (monthly, 30 days, 90 days, annual) Night shift Entirely different world Stress on officer and family

23. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 23 Variety of Equipment Duty belt Gun, baton, handcuffs, radio, magazines, pepper spray, taser, flashlight, gloves, etc. Uniform and vest Hand held computers Car computers License plate scanners Heat detectors on cars More technology for police

24. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 24 Police Vehicles Today

25. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 25 Studies of the Patrol Function Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment 1973 Divided the city into 15 beats No preventive patrol Increased patrol Usual level of service

26. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 26 Studies of the Patrol Function Deterrent effect of policing was not weakened by the elimination of routine patrolling Citizens’ fear of crime and their attitudes toward the police were not affected The ability of the police to respond to calls was not affected Old patrol methods subject to question

27. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 27 Studies of the Patrol Function Mid-1970s, suggested that performance would improve by redesigning the job based on motivators Evolved into the concept of team policing Officers tended to be generalists Investigate crimes and attend to all problems in their area

28. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 28 Studies of the Patrol Function Response time 1977 study in Kansas City, MO, found that response time was unrelated to the probability of making an arrest or locating witnesses The major determining factor is the time it takes to report the crime

29. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 29 Seminar Question What has priority? Proactive police work to address crime OR High visibility of patrol cars in the neighborhood? Can we have both today?

30. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 30 Studies of the Patrol Function Also found that two-person patrols were no more effective than one-person cars Injuries to officers were not more likely to occur in one-man cars Most officers on patrol do not stumble across felonies in progress Rethink the sacred cows of patrol functions

31. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 31 Studies of the Patrol Function Renewed interest in foot patrol in late 70s Evaluations found that crime levels were not affected by foot patrol Did have a significant effect on the attitudes of area residents Residents felt safer Officers had higher levels of satisfaction

32. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 32 Discretionary Use of Police Authority Myth of full enforcement Cannot enforce all laws all the time “Single most astonishing fact of police behavior is the extent to which police do not enforce the law when they have every legal right to do so”

33. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 33 Discretionary Use of Police Authority Attempts to define discretion When police observe something suspicious or illegal, two important decisions must be made 1.Whether to intervene 2.How to intervene

34. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 34 Pros, Cons and Politics of Discretionary Authority Inverse relationship between the officer’s rank and the amount of discretion available Advantages of discretion 1. Allows the officer to treat different situations in accordance with humanitarian and practical goals 2. Justice tempered with mercy

35. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 35 Pros, Cons and Politics of Discretionary Authority Disadvantages of discretion 1. Ability of officers to treat different people differently for committing the same offense 2. Breeding ground for corruption 3. Do not know the consequences of the decision

36. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 36 Pros, Cons and Politics of Discretionary Authority State legislative commands are ambiguous 1. They enact statutes that seemingly require full enforcement of the laws 2. They provide only enough resources for limited enforcement 3. They consent to such limited enforcement

37. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 37 A Related Function: Traffic Strong link between the patrol function and traffic control Traffic stops account for about half (52%) of the contact Americans have with the police

38. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 38 Enforcement of Traffic Laws 2006 report by BJS stated there are 193 million drivers in the United States Each year, about 8.7% will be stopped by the police 60.8% males Ages 16 to 24 account for 26% of the total About 60% stopped are ticketed

39. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 39 Enforcement of Traffic Laws Differing levels of traffic enforcement Some departments are lenient Others have ticket quotas Others pressure officers to have a “ticket blizzard” to generate revenue Can be a major source of friction Good Driver Recognition Program

40. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 40 Goodnight! Thank you for the active participation Power point is available in take DOC sharing Participate in the discussion board early and often before Tuesday each week Remember to submit unit 3 project paper AIM martinfoley1 mfoley2@kaplan.edu