1. News http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/33045773/ns/us_news-environment/ http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/33045773/ns/us_news-environment/ http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/33045773/ns/us_news-environment/ http://www.spiegel.de/international/0,1518,359567,00.html http://www.spiegel.de/international/0,1518,359567,00.html http://www.spiegel.de/international/0,1518,359567,00.html http://web.mit.edu/mitei/research/spotlights/cell-batteries.html http://web.mit.edu/mitei/research/spotlights/cell-batteries.html http://web.mit.edu/mitei/research/spotlights/cell-batteries.html http://www.boston.com/news/local/new_hampshire/articles/2009/09/28/recor d_year_for_nh_falcons/ http://www.boston.com/news/local/new_hampshire/articles/2009/09/28/recor d_year_for_nh_falcons/ http://www.boston.com/news/local/new_hampshire/articles/2009/09/28/recor d_year_for_nh_falcons/ http://www.boston.com/news/local/new_hampshire/articles/2009/09/28/recor d_year_for_nh_falcons/ http://www.boston.com/news/science/articles/2009/09/28/aquarium_and_rog er_williams_university_grow_first_triggerfish_to_be_raised_in_captivity/ http://www.boston.com/news/science/articles/2009/09/28/aquarium_and_rog er_williams_university_grow_first_triggerfish_to_be_raised_in_captivity/ http://www.boston.com/news/science/articles/2009/09/28/aquarium_and_rog er_williams_university_grow_first_triggerfish_to_be_raised_in_captivity/ http://www.boston.com/news/science/articles/2009/09/28/aquarium_and_rog er_williams_university_grow_first_triggerfish_to_be_raised_in_captivity/ http://www.boston.com/news/science/articles/2009/09/25/fanged_frog_162_ other_new_species_found_in_mekong/ http://www.boston.com/news/science/articles/2009/09/25/fanged_frog_162_ other_new_species_found_in_mekong/ http://www.boston.com/news/science/articles/2009/09/25/fanged_frog_162_ other_new_species_found_in_mekong/ http://www.boston.com/news/science/articles/2009/09/25/fanged_frog_162_ other_new_species_found_in_mekong/ http://www.boston.com/news/science/articles/2009/09/28/as_bats_disappear _at_a_rapid_rate_a_national_response_plan_is_drafted/ http://www.boston.com/news/science/articles/2009/09/28/as_bats_disappear _at_a_rapid_rate_a_national_response_plan_is_drafted/ http://www.boston.com/news/science/articles/2009/09/28/as_bats_disappear _at_a_rapid_rate_a_national_response_plan_is_drafted/ http://www.boston.com/news/science/articles/2009/09/28/as_bats_disappear _at_a_rapid_rate_a_national_response_plan_is_drafted/ http://www.boston.com/lifestyle/green/articles/2009/09/27/environmentalists _seek_to_wipe_out_plush_toilet_paper/ http://www.boston.com/lifestyle/green/articles/2009/09/27/environmentalists _seek_to_wipe_out_plush_toilet_paper/ http://www.boston.com/lifestyle/green/articles/2009/09/27/environmentalists _seek_to_wipe_out_plush_toilet_paper/ http://www.boston.com/lifestyle/green/articles/2009/09/27/environmentalists _seek_to_wipe_out_plush_toilet_paper/ http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2009/09/27/mothe r_nature_ready_to_reward_new_england_with_vivid_foliage/ http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2009/09/27/mothe r_nature_ready_to_reward_new_england_with_vivid_foliage/

2. Needs Amino Acids  proteins Nucleic Acids Chlorophyll Carbon to Nitrogen ratio

3. Forms of Nitrogen N 2 (Atmosphere, inert) N 2 (Atmosphere, inert) Useable Nitrogen Useable Nitrogen NH 3 (Ammonia) NH 3 (Ammonia) NOx (NO + NO2) NOx (NO + NO2) NO 3 - (Nitrate) & NO 2 - (Nitrite) NO 3 - (Nitrate) & NO 2 - (Nitrite) HNO 3 (Nitric Acid) HNO 3 (Nitric Acid) Organic Nitrogen (N org ) Organic Nitrogen (N org )

4. Sources Nitrogen Fixing bacteria Nitrogen Fixing bacteria Legumes Legumes Clover Clover Cyanobacteria Cyanobacteria Lightning Lightning Haber Process (factory fertilizer production) Haber Process (factory fertilizer production) Internal combustion engines (cars) Internal combustion engines (cars) Mankind has doubled N-inputs to coastal areas  eutorphication Mankind has doubled N-inputs to coastal areas  eutorphication

5. Fall Colors Chlorophyll-N recalled Chlorophyll-N recalled Accessory pigments shown Accessory pigments shown Huge loss of C, but not N Huge loss of C, but not N Carotenoids-Yellows and oranges Carotenoids-Yellows and oranges Anthocyaninins-Reds and Purples Anthocyaninins-Reds and Purples Cool nights, sunny days (sunscreen?) Cool nights, sunny days (sunscreen?) Images removed due to copyright restrictions.

6. Lawn calculation If you add 1 pound of nitrogen fertilizer to your lawn, how many pounds of lawn clippings must you carry away? If you add 1 pound of nitrogen fertilizer to your lawn, how many pounds of lawn clippings must you carry away? Water Water Carbon/Nitrogen ratio Carbon/Nitrogen ratio

7. Sulfur Cycle Image courtesy of Environmental Protection Agency

8. Biogeochemical Cycles Conservation of Mass Conservation of Mass Can’t make or destroy, only change the form of C, N, S, P, etc. Can’t make or destroy, only change the form of C, N, S, P, etc. Earth Systems Earth Systems Global cycling of elements Global cycling of elements Cycles are linked Cycles are linked Stoichiometry (C/N ratios) Stoichiometry (C/N ratios) Biotic and Abiotic cycles are intimately linked Biotic and Abiotic cycles are intimately linked Bacteria drive many biogeochemical cycles Bacteria drive many biogeochemical cycles