1. Colonizing North America

2. Overview
Why did England, France and the Netherlands seek a northwest passage?
How did the Protestant Reformation affect rivalries among European nations?
How did rivalry develop between New France and New Netherland?

3. Rivalries Among European Nations
Religious Divisions:
Martin Luther
Protestant Reformation
Rivalries in the Americas:
France, Spain, Dutch and England

4. Search for the Northwest Passage
John Cabot- English explorer
Giovanni da Verrazano- Italian explored Carolinas up to Canada

7. Hudson, English Profiteer
Henry Hudson entered into New York harbor and now what is Hudson River
Sailed what is now Hudson Bay
Sailed for the Dutch

10. Cartier finds the St. Lawrence
Jacques Cartier sailed half of the St. Lawrence River

11. New France
Samuel de Champlain founded the trading post named Quebec on the St. Lawrence River.
Permanently established France in Americas
Economy of New France, profited from fishing and fur trapping and trading.

12. Champlain leads to more exploration for France

15. Quebec: Fortress City
Quebec established as trading post and later becomes capital of New France
Controls all of St. Lawrence River and the entry way to Great Lakes

19. Mortar from Louisbourg, cast c.1750-1756

20. Missionary Work of France
Catholic missionaries traveled with fur traders
Searched for converts within the Native American population
Goal to teach Christianity

21. Expansion of the Mississippi
Mississippi River known by the Native Americans as the “Father of the Waters”
Father Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet explored 700 miles of Mississippi and Great Lakes
French wanted to keep Spain and England out of Louisiana territory, established forts like Detroit and New Orleans

22. Expansion (Cont)
French colonists imported African slaves that work plantations
Some slaves escaped and joined the Natchez Indians in a revolt against the French (1729)
Those slaves that fought with the French received their freedom
Free and enslaved African Americans made up the majority of settlers in Louisiana

23. This lead tablet was discovered in 1913 in the city of Pierre, in South Dakota. It was buried by François and Louis-Joseph La Vérendrye on March 30, 1743 to take possession of the territory in the name of Louis XV.

24. New Netherlands
Peter Mimuit led Dutch Settlers to the mouth of the Hudson River
Bought Manhattan from Native Americans, then called it New Amsterdam (New York)
Grew into busy port, profited from trade.
Trading posts like New Orange (Albany), established along the Hudson River

25. Rivalry over Fur Trade
French and Dutch settlers became rivals over fur trade.
Dutch made an alliance with the Iroquois
French with the Huron, Abenaki and Illinois tribes
Sporadic fights between two nations occurred using Indian Allies

26. Dutch brought customs to Americas
Ice skating
Saint Nick (Santa Claus)
Dutch language assimilated into English language (boss, cookies, sleigh)

27. Impact on Native American Society
Diseases (Smallpox) killed much of Native American population
War
Missionary conversion not always accepted
Seize Indian lands (new outposts) brought more trouble and colonization westward