1. Comparison of Winter Steelhead Trap Estimates in Small Basins to Other Escapement Methods and the Representativeness of ODFW Life-Cycle Monitoring Sites Erik Suring ODFW

2. Oregon Coast Steelhead ODFW Salmonid Life-Cycle Monitoring Project ODFW Salmonid Life-Cycle Monitoring Project Small basin steelhead returns do not correlate to each other or large scale returns as with coho Small basin steelhead returns do not correlate to each other or large scale returns as with coho Determining age structure at multiple life stages allow for survival estimates and local freshwater conditions Determining age structure at multiple life stages allow for survival estimates and local freshwater conditions

3. Life-Cycle Monitoring Project Ten years of adult and smolt data Ten years of adult and smolt data ODFW Habitat Surveys ODFW Habitat Surveys Compare distribution of habitat conditions Compare distribution of habitat conditions

4. Life-Cycle Monitoring Project Seven sites in the OC DPS Seven sites in the OC DPS Non-random selection Non-random selection Representative of DPS based on habitat metrics Representative of DPS based on habitat metrics Coho returns highly correlated with ESU returns Coho returns highly correlated with ESU returns

5. Life-Cycle Data

6. LCM Sites

7. LCM Basin Size Monitoring Area Traps Spawning above Traps (km) All Spawning (km) Percentage Trapped North Coast 21191,9006% Mid Coast 3333,2001% Umpqua1552,9002% Mid-South1191,5001% Oregon Coast 72269,5002%

8. Habitat Representativeness

11. LCM Representativeness

13. Coho Trap to Trap

14. Steelhead Trap to Trap

15. Trap to Trap Correlations

17. Nested Basins Coho: R 2 = 0.92, p < 0.001

18. LCM versus the DPS Relationships between LCM and large scale abundance are not as strong for steelhead as for coho Relationships between LCM and large scale abundance are not as strong for steelhead as for coho Steelhead numbers have not varied as much as coho over the course of monitoring Steelhead numbers have not varied as much as coho over the course of monitoring Weak trap to trap correlations indicate local freshwater conditions play a larger role in steelhead recruitment Weak trap to trap correlations indicate local freshwater conditions play a larger role in steelhead recruitment

19. Steelhead Survival Estimates Monitoring multiple life stages Monitoring multiple life stages Use scales to track brood year for smolts and adults Use scales to track brood year for smolts and adults Estimate marine and freshwater survival rates Estimate marine and freshwater survival rates Currently in our first or second year of adult scale collection Currently in our first or second year of adult scale collection Also measure size and timing of smolts and adults Also measure size and timing of smolts and adults

20. Freshwater Survival Single year of smolt scale data applied to all years: Single year of smolt scale data applied to all years: Ward and Slaney (1993) Average 0.84% Ward and Slaney (1993) Average 0.84%

21. Marine Survival Smolt and Adult scales at WF Smith Smolt and Adult scales at WF Smith Ward and Slaney (1988) Range 7-26% Ward and Slaney (1988) Range 7-26%

22. Freshwater Age Structure

23. Survival Estimates Identify factors that affect smolt and adult abundance Identify factors that affect smolt and adult abundance Look at local variation in survival Look at local variation in survival Reveal trap to trap relationships Reveal trap to trap relationships Other data we should collect? Other data we should collect?

24. Conclusion Adult returns to LCM basins do not correlate to larger areas or each other Adult returns to LCM basins do not correlate to larger areas or each other Local freshwater conditions obscure a common ocean signal Local freshwater conditions obscure a common ocean signal Describing smolt and adult age structure will allow for survival estimates and reveal differences between LCM sites Describing smolt and adult age structure will allow for survival estimates and reveal differences between LCM sites