1. Ch 5. Skeletal System
The Teeth- pages

2. Function of Teeth Digestive: via mastication (chewing)
Teeth aid in mechanical digestion, in conjunction with the tongue, by breaking food into smaller pieces
This speeds up the chemical digestive process

3. Arrangement and Dentition
Location: located in sockets called alveoli
Mandible (lower)
Maxilla (upper)
Deciduous Teeth (milk teeth) : primary dentition
Appear at 6 months
Completed by 2 years (20 teeth)
Fall out between 6-12 years
Permanent teeth get larger causing resorption
Resorption of roots causes teeth to loosen

4. Permanent and Wisdom Teeth
Established at the end of adolescence
Full set is 32 teeth
Wisdom (third molars):
Emerge between years old
Can be absent in some individuals
Impacted wisdom teeth:
Wisdom teeth remain embedded and push on the roots of other teeth
Causes pressure and pain

5. Classification of Teeth:
Classification by shape and function:
Incisors: to snip off food
Canines: to tear and pierce
Premolars (bicuspids): 2-cusp grinders
Molars: 4-5 cusps; best grinders

6. Deciduous vs. Permanent Teeth

7. Numbers of Teeth (expressed as only half of the mouth)
Deciduous Teeth = 20 total
Permanent Teeth = 32 total
On each layer:
2I, 1C, 2M = 5
10 x 2 = 20
On each layer:
2I, 1C, 2P, 3M = 8
16 x 2 = 32

8. Tooth Structure: Teeth have 2 main regions: Crown: (exposed part):
Covered by enamel (hardest substance in the body)
Dentin underlies enamel – comprises bulk of tooth
Similar to bone in mineral and collagen components
Pulp: makes up the middle part of the tooth
Loose connective tissue
Root:
An extension of the pulp cavity, which contains the blood and nerve supply
Surrounded by cementum – a calcified connective tissue

10. Nerve/Arterial Supply & Disorders
The trigeminal nerve is the main nerve supplying teeth
The arterial supply comes from branches of the carotid
Disorders:
Gingivitis: inflammation of the gingiva
Caused by increased deposits of plaque which increase bacterial populations
Periodontitis: when gingivitis causes infection of the bone and the teeth fall out

11. Lesson Learned: Brush your teeth after you eat
Don’t let sugar sit on your teeth
Floss daily
Go to the dentist at least 2x/year to get cleanings
ONLY TAKE CARE OF THE TEETH YOU WANT TO KEEP!