1. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system B. List & describe the structures of the respiratory system C.Describe the respiratory cycle, frequency, and factors that effect respiration in animals D.Label the parts of the circulatory system E.Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system

2. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system USE YOUR OWN DEVICE TO FIND THE ANSWERS…

3. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system What kind of animal can win the Triple Crown?

4. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system A Horse (of course! )

5. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system What breed of horse is usually used for racing?

6. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system Thoroughbred

7. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system What are the 3 races a horse must win to be Triple Crown Champion?

8. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system 1. Kentucky Derby 2. Belmont Stakes 3. Preakness

9. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system Who was the 1 st ever Triple Crown Champion? What was the year?

10. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system 1. Sir Barton 2. 1919

11. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system Who was the most recent Triple Crown Champ? What year?

12. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system 1. Affirmed 2. 1978

13. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system Who is one of the most recognized Triple Crown Champs? What year did he win?

14. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system 1. Secretariat 2. 1973

15. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system Why is Secretariat so famous?

16. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system First Triple Crown Champion in 25 years Set records in all 3 races that still stand today

17. A horse must win: 1-Kentucky Derby 2- Belmont Stakes 3- Preakness

18. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system What do race horses have to do with the respiratory system?

19. A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system Function of Respiratory System 1. To obtain and use oxygen 2. To eliminate carbon dioxide

20. B. List & describe the structures of the respiratory system 1. Nostrils Also called nares Paired, external openings Separated by nasal septum

21. B. List & describe the structures of the respiratory system 1. Nostrils cont’d Dilatable a. Species Differences i Horse--Very Pliable and Dilatable ii. Pig--Rigid

22. 2. Nasal Cavities Paired Separated by Nasal Septum, and from mouth by palate 3. Pharynx Common pathway for air and food B. List & describe the structures of the respiratory system

23. 4. Larynx "Voice Box" Organ of Phonation (Sound Production) Sound produced by controlled passage of air which causes vibration of vocal chords Syrinx Voice Box for Birds Located where trachea divides from bronchi Vibrating Muscles B. List & describe the structures of the respiratory system

24. 5. Trachea Primary passage way to Lungs Cartilage Rings prevent collapse of airway 6. Bronchi 2 main branches from trachea B. List & describe the structures of the respiratory system

25. 7. Bronchioles Smaller stems of bronchi 8. Alveoli Principle site of gaseous diffusion between air and blood B. List & describe the structures of the respiratory system

26. Lungs Principle Organ of Respiratory System Paired, found in Thorax Thorax = chest a. Thorax expansion causes Lung expansion B. List & describe the structures of the respiratory system

27. Respiratory System

28. B. List & describe the structures of the respiratory system Trachea Right Bronchus Right Lobes Left Bronchus Bronchioles Left Lobes Pleura Diaphragm Alveoli

29. Respiratory Cycle: 1. Inspiration A. Intake of air B. Enlargement of thorax and lungs C. Diaphragm pulls down creating negative air pressure C. Describe the respiratory cycle, frequency, and factors that effect respiration in animals

30. Respiratory Cycle: 2. Expiration A. Removal of air B. Contains mostly Carbon Dioxide C. Diaphragm pushes UP C. Describe the respiratory cycle, frequency, and factors that effect respiration in animals

31. Frequency A. Number of Respiratory Cycles per minute B. Factors affecting Respiratory Frequency a. Species variations Horse 12 Cow 29 Pig 40 Sheep 25 b. Body Size --Heavy animals breath heavier C. Describe the respiratory cycle, frequency, and factors that effect respiration in animals

32. Frequency Cont’d c. Age -Younger less d. Exercise -Increases e. Excitement -Increases f. Environmental Temperature -Faster in heat (panting) C. Describe the respiratory cycle, frequency, and factors that effect respiration in animals

33. Frequency Cont’d g. Pregnancy --Increases h. Degree of filling of Intestine --Increases I. State of health --Disease increases C. Describe the respiratory cycle, frequency, and factors that effect respiration in animals

34. Circulatory System

35. D. Label the parts of the circulatory system Superior Vena Cava Right Atrium Tricuspid Valve Perkinge Fibers Right Ventricle Inferior Vena Cava Septum Left Ventricle Mitral Valve Semilunar Valve Left Atrium Red = Oxygenated Blue = Deoxygenated

36. E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system Circulatory System is a closed circuit path Blood cells follow this path over, and over, and over again Circulatory System

37. E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system 1-Capillary: Thin walled blood vessels Site of gas exchange Microscopic in size Every inch of your body is covered in hundreds of capillaries Follow the Circulatory System

38. E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system 2-Vein: Pathway of blood headed BACK to the heart Always deoxygenated With 1 exception Follow the Circulatory System Small Veins are called Venules

39. E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system 3-Superior/Inferior Vena Cava Where blood ENTERS heart Follow the Circulatory System

40. E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system 4-Right Atrium 1 st Chamber of the heart Follow the Circulatory System

41. E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system 5-Tricuspid Valve 3 Sections Follow the Circulatory System

42. E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system 6-Purkinje Fibers Prevent backflow of blood Follow the Circulatory System

43. E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system 7-Right Ventricle 2 nd Chamber of heart Follow the Circulatory System

44. E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system Follow the Circulatory System 8-Semilunar Valve Deoxygenated blood LEAVES the heart through this valve

45. E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system Follow the Circulatory System 9-Lungs Blood is oxygenated by lungs Oxygen exchange takes place by passing from the alveoli (respiratory system) to the capillaries (circulatory system)

46. E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system Follow the Circulatory System 10-Left Atrium 3 rd Chamber OXYGENATED blood re enters the heart Left Atrium

47. E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system Follow the Circulatory System 11-Mitral Valve Valve between LEFT atrium & ventricle Left Atrium Named because it looks like a Miter’s hat Mitral Valve

48. E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system Follow the Circulatory System 12-Left Ventricle Last (4 th ) chamber of the heart before blood leaves the heart through arteries Left Ventricle

49. E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system Follow the Circulatory System 13-Arteries LARGE Blood passageways that take OXYGENATED blood AWAY from the heart

50. E. Follow the path of a blood cell through the circulatory system Follow the Circulatory System Capillaries (again) Here is where the process starts all over Junction between arteries and veins

53. Trivia Question: Which species of animal has a “second heart?” The frog is an important part of the horse's circulatory system — it pumps blood up the horse's leg each time the frog makes contact with the ground. The blood flows down the horse's leg into the digital cushion, a fibrous part of the inner hoof located just above the frog which contains a network of blood vessels. The horse's weight then compresses the frog on the ground, squeezing the blood out of the digital cushion, and pushing it back up the horse's legs.horse's circulatory system

54. Bellwork Tell me everything you know about the horse racing industry

55. Bellwork Name 2 purposes of the respiratory system Compare the structure of the “nares” of the horse and the pig What is the name of the voice box? What is the name of the rooster’s voice box? List the pathway of an air molecule from the time it enters the nasal passages til it reaches the alveoli.

56. Bellwork 11-17-09 Sketch a diagram of the lungs. Include the bronchus, bronchioles, alveoli, etc.

57. Bellwork Name the 4 chambers of the heart in the order that blood passes through them What valve connects the right atrium and ventricle? What valve connects the left atrium and ventricle? What structure is the site of gas (oxygen) exchange? What is the definition of a vein? What is the definition of an artery? What is the only vein in the body that carries oxygenated blood?

58. Bellwork Describe the path of “Robbie” the red blood cell as he travels from a capillary, back to the heart and ends up in a capillary again.