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Single-Spin Asymmetries at CLAS Transverse momentum of quarks and spin-azimuthal asymmetries Target single-spin asymmetries Beam single-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive pion production exclusive pion production Summary H. Avakian, L.Elouadrhiri (Jefferson Lab) Conference on Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics For the CLAS Collaboration
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May212 Parton Distribution Functions generalized to contain information not only on longitudinal, but also on the transverse distribution of partons: Generalized Parton Distributions (GPD) H, E... Transverse-momentum dependent (TMD) parton distributions Orbital Angular Momentum and Transverse momentum of quarks SSA are sensitive to the orbital motion of quarks, enable measurements of GPDs and k T -dependent PDFs (TMDs) Spin asymmetries + azimuthal dependence new class of DIS measurements Single-Spin Asymmetries:
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May213 - Dependent Parton Distributions f 1, g 1 studied for decades: h 1 and others essentially unknown Gauge invariant definition of TMDs discussed by Collins and Belitsky,Ji & Yuan Nucl.Phys. B656 165, 2003 Twist-2 - dependent PDFs by Mulders et al. opens access to mixed hadron-parton and parton- hadron transitions TMDs appear in sin and sin2 SSA In polarized semi-inclusive DIS
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May214 Polarized Semi-Inclusive DIS Cross section defined by scale variables x,y,z Two fundamental QCD mecha- nisms (Collins and Sivers) identified, to generate SSA: Hadron-Parton/ Parton-Hadron transitions described by distribution and fragmentation functions.
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May215 Contributions to σ in ep→e’ X σ for longitudinally polarized leptons scattering off unpolarized protons: Different structure functions can be extracted as azimuthal moments of the total cross section. More spin-dependent azimuthal moments arise for polarized targets
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May216 The CLAS Detector Scattering of 5.7 GeV polarized electrons off polarized NH 3 and unpolarized hydrogen ~8M + in DIS kinematics, Q 2 >1 GeV 2, W 2 >4 GeV 2, y 0.5 beam polarization 73% target polarization 72% (f≈0.2) X n
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May217 Longitudinally Pol. Target: SSA for + Target SSA: CLAS (4.3 GeV, and 5.7 GeV ) consistent with HERMES (27.5 GeV) A UL z-dependence also consistent both in magnitude and sign with predictions based on Collins mechanism predictions for Sivers effect from BHS Phys.Lett.B53099,2002 Sivers only interpretation require large A UT
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May218 H1H1 Longitudinally Pol Target: SSA for + SSA: x-dependence CLAS (5.7 GeV) is consistent with predictions for Collins effect from Efremov et al. hep-ph/0208124 ┬ - Collins FF D 1 – unpol. FF sin2 moment (Kotzinian-Mulders asymmetry) is a clean source of Collins SSA x 4 more CLAS data available for analysis P 1 = 0.0110±0.0024 P 2 =-0.0065±0.0025
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May219 Unpolarized target: x,z factorization studies at 5.7GeV The z distribution for different ranges of Bjorken x No significant variation observed in z dependence for different x ranges. ep → e’ X ( E e =5.7 GeV, M X > 1.1)
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May2110 Factorization studies in CFR at CLAS DIS: Q 2 >1 W 2 >4 y<0.85 The separation of CFR with 0.5<z<0.8 is not changing significantly with beam energy. No significant variation observed in z dependence of A LU for different x ranges
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May2111 A LU from CLAS 4.3 and 5.7GeV data 4.3 GeV 5.7GeV No significant dependence on beam energy No sign flip in A LU in the exclusive limit (unlike HERMES target SSA) Low M X in average correspond to large z
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May2112 Beam SSA: sin Moment A LU Beam SSA A LU from CLAS at 4.3GeV and HERMES (SPIN-2002) at 27.5 GeV Beam SSA measurements for different beam energies are consistent.
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May2113 A LU x-dependence: CLAS 4.3 vs. 5.7 GeV Photon Sivers Effect Afanasev & Carlson (preliminary) 0.5<z<0.8 4.3 GeV 5.7GeV 4.3 GeV and 5.7 GeV data consistent CLAS preliminary Beam SSA analyzed also in terms of Collins effect by Efremov et al.
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May2114 Photon Sivers Effect Target SSA (Brodsky et al.) Beam SSA (Afanasev & Carlson) Essential constituents Light-cone spin wave function of a nucleon Final state interaction from gluon exchange Beam SSA has the same source and provides access to essential parameters with less ambiguities
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May2115 Exclusive pions: CLAS 4.3 vs. 5.7GeV Sign flip at z ~ 0.5 At z>0.5 struck quark in pion W 2 >4 GeV 2,Q 2 >1 GeV 2 4.3 GeV 5.7 GeV LUND-MC -t < 0.5GeV 2
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May2116 Beam SSA A LU : x,t-dependence t=(P N -P N’ ) 2 5GeV 2, Q 2 >2.5GeV 2 ( =3.0GeV 2 >) CLAS PRELIMINARY Beam SSA for exclusive pions may provide access to GPDs -
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May2117 Summary Beam spin asymmetries observed for the first time in exclusive + electroproduction in hard scattering kinematics. No significant dependence on x observed for z dependencies of beam SSA. Kinematic dependencies of beam and target SSA measured for different beam energies are consistent, and can be described by a variety of theoretical models. Combined analysis of SSA for polarized beam and target needed to separate contributions from different mechanisms and extract corresponding distribution functions.
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May2118 LUND-MC Studies NH3 dilution factor ( f=0.21) from data is consistent with LUND and simple quark counting (dotted line).
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May2119 Beam SSA In similar to polarized target case kinematics, no sign of significant sin2 term in the data
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May2120 x,z Factorization for A LU in + SIDIS at 5.7 GeV 4.3 GeV 5.8GeV No significant variation observed in z dependence of A LU for different x ranges
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H. Avakian CIPANP 2003 May2121 - Dependent Parton Distributions f 1, g 1 studied for decades: h 1 and others essentially unknown Gauge invariant definition of TMD PDFs discussed by Collins and Belitsky,Ji & Yuan Nucl.Phys. B656 165, 2003 Twist-2 - dependent PDFs by Mulders et al. TMDs appear in sin and sin2 SSA In polarized semi-inclusive DIS
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