1. Towards a design-centered framework for social human-robot interactions SOCIAL ROBOTS Forlizzi April 2004 Jodi Forlizzi (with Carl DiSalvo, Sara Kiesler, Francine Gemperle, and Rachel Gockley)

2. SOCIAL ROBOTS Forlizzi April 2004 Today’s talk Hold for toc

3. SOCIAL ROBOTS Forlizzi April 2004 Motivating questions What is the social impact of robotic products? How should robotic products act socially? How should social robots be designed? Should they have intentional behavior? Should they take cues from humans and animals?

4. SOCIAL ROBOTS Forlizzi April 2004 Understanding how robots must be designed for a social world Aid robotic technology development Advance dialogue on social issues Project on People and Robots

5. SOCIAL ROBOTS Forlizzi April 2004 Design a new robot head Developed PCAM method to inform designer’s intuition with substantial data Coded 48 robot heads for the presence and dimensions of features Findings related to perception of humanness in robot heads inform new reconfigurable head design

6. SOCIAL ROBOTS Forlizzi April 2004 Humanoid head Design Recommendations wide head and wide eyes features dominate the face complexity and detail in the eyes four or more features casing, housing, skin

7. SOCIAL ROBOTS Forlizzi April 2004 Attributions to pets and attributions to robots Study at a dog shelter where subjects read scenarios and gave reasons why a friend, a stranger, their dog, or someone else’s dog did things Dog owners believe their dogs are social.

8. SOCIAL ROBOTS Forlizzi April 2004 Anthropomorphism and social expectations Study of Heider and Simmel’s lifelike object film (1944) Subjects were told they “owned” the little triangle. They “disliked” the big triangle and told human stories in both conditions. Confirms that anthropomorphism is an automatic process.

9. SOCIAL ROBOTS Forlizzi April 2004 Anthropomorphism and social expectations Compared for jobs from Strong-Campbell interest activity. Human-like robots chosen for social jobs (ex, retail clerk, hospital staff). Machine-like robots chosen for security- related jobs (ex, assistant, guard, soldier).

10. SOCIAL ROBOTS Forlizzi April 2004 Compliance studies Subjects perform “fun” and “serious” task with a robot with a “fun” or “serious” personality. Playful robot is more effective when the task is enjoyable. Serious robot is more effective when the task is effortful.

11. SOCIAL ROBOTS Forlizzi April 2004 Valerie Roboceptionist in a computer science building on CMU campus Provides emotional and factual communication through queries and phone conversations Testbed for understanding how humanoid robot interactions can be natural and engaging

12. SOCIAL ROBOTS Forlizzi April 2004 A design-centered framework tangible form intangible form human-controlled interactionsfully reciprocal social interactions

13. Our tasks: evolve a framework to classify social robots plus “Vienna circle rules” for their design. SOCIAL ROBOTS Forlizzi April 2004

14. Discussion SOCIAL ROBOTS Forlizzi April 2004

15. SOCIAL ROBOTS Forlizzi April 2004 Title Body