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The University of South Wales Guide to Referencing Daniela Pesconi-Arthur October/2013
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What is referencing? … indicating in assignments when you have used material that has not originated with you. Why reference? * It is a way of measuring your ability to understand, analyse and evaluate the work of others; * Informs the reader of the texts you have consulted during research; * You will be assessed on the quality and relevancy of these sources; * Referencing carries a percentage of the overall marks if undertaken appropriately.
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What to reference * Factual information; * Data; * Images; * Opinions; * Direct quotations; * Summaries or paraphrasing of other people’s work
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… using the words of others or their creative output without explicit acknowledgement – published or unpublished, including material from the internet. * When you take notes from different sources, keep records of which are your own observations, where you are paraphrasing and which are direct quotations. * Organize your notes, note down your sources. This will be very helpful when taking notes over a longer period and reviewing them later. Plagiarism
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How to reference There are several ways of including sources in your work. You can: * Summarise; * Paraphrase; * Directly quote; * Secondary reference; * Refer to an author with more than one publication in a single year.
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* The University of South Wales Guide to Harvard Referencing – highlights some of the sources that can be referred to when writing an assignment. The various referencing requirements for each source are presented and include an in-text and reference list example. * This guide does not include all possible sources that you might encounter during the course of your studies. Please seek advice if you need guidance that does not feature here. * Recommended book: Pears, R. and Shields, G. (2013) Cite them right: The Essential Referencing Guide (Palgrave Study Skills). 9 th edn. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
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S Summarising You only need to insert the author’s name and year of publication if you are summarizing the overall argument or positions of a book or article. No need for page numbers in the text or in the reference list. Text: There are general resources which give a good overview of skills, some of which you may not have developed before, for example, proof-reading (Fairbairn & Winch 1996; Cottrell 2003) References: Cottrell, S. (2003) The study skills handbook. 2 nd edn. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Fairburn, G. J. and Winch, C. (1996) Reading, writing and reasoning: A guide for students. 2 nd edn. Maidenhead: Open University Press
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Paraphrasing You should include page numbers in the text, as well as the author’s name and year if you are paraphrasing a specific point from your source. Text: Cottrell (2003 p.1) writes that by improving your study skills you can “accelerate the learning process”. Reference: Cottrell, S. (2003) The study skills handbook. 2 nd edn. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
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Short quotation
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Long quotations
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Secondary referencing
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Author with more than one publication in the same year
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How to reference books
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How to reference journals
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How to reference newspapers
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How to reference the internet
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How to reference conferences/theses/public lectures
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How to reference other sources
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How to reference visual sources
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How to reference audio visual material
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How to reference live performances
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How to reference computer games
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How to reference computer programmes
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How to reference personal communication
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Google Chrome Harvard Referencing App Thanks, Jessie!
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Useful Reading Materials You can use those reading materials included in your handbook, plus the following ones: Buckingham, D. (2009)‘Creative’ visual methods in media research: possibilities, problems and proposals’, Media, Culture and Society 31(4): 633–652. Institute of Education, University of London [Online]. Available at: http://www.academia.edu/679716/Creative_visual_methods_in_media_research_possibilities_problems_and_proposals (Accessed: 22 October 2013) http://www.academia.edu/679716/Creative_visual_methods_in_media_research_possibilities_problems_and_proposals Crouch, C. (2007) Using praxis to develop research methods into personal creativity in the visual arts. Arts Research Symposium. [Online]. Available at: http://www.pica.org.au/downloads/141/C_Crouch.pdf (Accessed 22 October 2013)http://www.pica.org.au/downloads/141/C_Crouch.pdf McIntyre, P. (2006) Creative practice as research: ‘testing out’ the systems model of creativity through practitioner based enquiry. [Online] Available at: http://arts.brighton.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/43093/McintyreP.pdf (Accessed: 22 October 2013)http://arts.brighton.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/43093/McintyreP.pdf Nelson, R. (2009) The Jealousy of ideas: Research methods in the creative arts. [Online]. Available at: http://www.writing- pad.ac.uk/photos/21_Resources/08_The%20Jealousy%20of%20Ideas/04_jealousy1.pdf (Accessed: 22 October 2013)http://www.writing- pad.ac.uk/photos/21_Resources/08_The%20Jealousy%20of%20Ideas/04_jealousy1.pdf * You can also use other sources/readings
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This revised University of South Wales Guide to Harvard Referencing is credited to the collaboration between USW Libraries and the Education Drop-In Centre. Inspiration for this revised Guide is acknowledged to Pears, R. and Shields, G. (2010) Cite them right: the essential referencing guide. 8th edn. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. For in-depth guidance on referencing we recommend that you borrow or purchase this textbook. July 2011 (revised October 2012 )
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