1. Proteins of Immunology

2. Immune System
Complement
Humoral
Cellular
Antibody production

3. Hemopoeisis

4. Recognizing Self from Non-self: the role of MHC
Let’s
T killers
know that
I’m suppose
to be here.
On APC, provides
communication
link to Immune
System

5. Lymphocytes
interact to mount
humoral response

6. Cytokines
Small protein which help activate the different immune cells, like messengers
Produced by T cells and Antigen presenting cells (APCs)
Induce adhesion molecules and increase vascular permeability
Attract leukocytes
Many different types:
Interleukin-1 (IL-1)
Interleukin-2 (IL-2)
Interferon  (IFN-)

7. Kinins
Cause contraction of muscles distal to site, causing blood to back-up at affected site (swelling)
Stimulate nerves causing pain
Cause vascular cells to contract and to express adhesion molecules, allowing cells to attach to capillaries and enter affected site
Example: bradykinin

8. Basic immunoglobulin monomer

9. Typical Ab-Ag interaction has a Kd as low as 10-10 M,
Reflecting ionic interactions, H-bonds, hydrophobic, etc.

10. Immunoglobulins
IgG

11. Genes for the immunoglobulins and T-receptors undergo DNA rearrangement.

12. Light and Heavy chains

13. The language of Antibody interactions:

16. Polyclonal antibodies arise from multiple clones
of cells and bind to different parts of antigen with
different binding affinities
Monoclonal antibodies arise from a single clone of
cells produced by hybridomas (fusion of B-cell and
myeloma cell), the antibodies are identical

17. Enzyme-linked
Immunosorbent
Assays
(ELISA)
Specificity and sensitivity

18. ELISA and RIA

19. Western
Blots

20. Two pathways for complement
Classical pathway – stimulated by antigen-antibody interaction (primarily IgG and IgM)
Alternative pathway (AP) – stimulated by antigen-antibody interaction (IgA and IgE) OR by non-immunologic means (LPS)

21. Classical pathway – cascade of proteins

22. Alternative pathway

23. Arrow key Component cleavage – Red Arrow
Enzymatic activity – Blue Arrow
Component assembly – Green Arrow

24. MAC formation