2. I can assess the role that economic forces had on shaping our social history. I can compare and contrast the economic systems of the North and South. I can explain why Africans were enslaved and brought to the Americas. I can describe the voyage of slaves from Africa to the Americas. I can describe and evaluate colonists’ feelings about immigration during colonization.

3. The South based its economy on agriculture. – Plantations (mostly cotton and tobacco) with slavery Slavery began in the colonies in the 1650s. Most slaves entered the colonies through Charleston or Savannah. Transatlantic slave trade ended in 1808, but trade within the US continued.

5. Began with branding them with hot irons to ID them Beaten severely Force fed Forced to sleep in pools of their own blood, urine, feces, and vomit 20% died during the journey—many from committing suicide

7. “Slavery was not born of racism: rather, racism was the consequence of slavery.”. -Eric Williams (in 1944) Caribbean Historian and 1 st Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago  What does this quote mean?  Which do you think came first in North America—slavery or institutional racism? (What is “institutional racism”?)  Would slavery benefit racism? How so?  Would racism benefit slavery? How so?  Which stands to benefit more?  Is Eric Williams a reputable source of information on this subject?

8. Geography of the North meant less demand for slave labor. The North based its economy on industry, commerce, and trade. Cities with harbors grew rapidly. – New York, Boston, Philadelphia

9. Industry meant lots of entry-level jobs. People from Europe began coming to northern cities for those opportunities. European immigrants accounted for 28% of the population.

10. A.Welcome them into the existing culture. B.See it as a great opportunity to learn from another culture. C.Single them out as targets for discrimination and scapegoating.

11. “Why should Pennsylvania, founded by the English, become a Colony of Aliens, who will shortly be so numerous as to Germanize us instead of our Anglifying them, and will never adopt our Language or Customs, any more than they can acquire our Complexion.” – Benjamin Franklin, “Observations Concerning the Increase of Mankind” 1751

12. I can assess the role that economic forces had on shaping our social history.  I can compare and contrast the economic systems of the North and South.  I can explain why Africans were enslaved and brought to the Americas.  I can describe the voyage of slaves from Africa to the Americas.  I can describe and evaluate colonists’ feelings about immigration during colonization.