1. 18th Century Society

2. Marriage and Family A.Prior to 1750 1.Nuclear family a.Young married couples lived away from parents 2.Marriage age higher a.Late 20’s or older for both men and women Self-support 3.Permission or approval of local lord or landowner a.Austria and Germany b.Fear of poverty and abandoned children c.THIS PATTERN MAINTAINED SOME BALANCE BETWEEN POPULATION AND RESOURCES

3. Marriage and Family A.Prior to 1750 1.Children a.Out of wedlock birth rates low Powerful social control Premarital sex limited to couples already thinking about marriage b.Infant mortality rates B.New Patterns after 1750 1.Growth of cottage industry increased income a.Resulted in higher rates of marriage for love Financial independence Arranged marriages declined Law and regulations ignored

4. Marriage and Family B.New Patterns after 1750 2.Population explosion a.Increased illegitimacy Mobility Open rebellion 3.Women in cities a.Not motivated by emancipation and sexual liberation Marriage was escape from hard life C.Attitudes toward children 1.Child care and nursing A.Poorer women Breast feeding Spaced births Infants more likely to survive

5. Marriage and Family C.Attitudes toward children 1.Child care and nursing a.Poorer women b.Women of aristocracy and upper-middle class Seldom breast fed children Hired wet-nurses ~“Killing nurses” 2.Infanticide a.Rampant due to severe poverty b.Foundling hospitals emerged, first in Paris then throughout Europe