1. Parts of Speech

2. What do these words have in common? pourrunskipdrink laughtosssentopen soarcatchswimcarry

3. What do these words have in common? amareiswas werewill behave been will have been

4. What do ALL of these words have in common? They are VERBS Verbs are words that refer to ACTIONS Verbs are words that refer to STATES OF BEING

5. HELPING VERBS work alongside action verbs. Helping verbs, helping verbs, there are 23. Am, is, are, was and were Being, been and be. Have, has, had, Do, does, did, Shall, will, should and would. There are 5 more helping verbs May, might, must, can, could! Sing to the Jingle Bells tune.

6. HELPING VERBS Cinderella was scrubbing the floor. Her wicked step-sisters had bullied her. The prince did dance with her until midnight. The shoe would not fit the wicked step-sister.

7. LINKING VERBS link the noun/pronoun in the subject to an adjective in the predicate (called a predicate adjective) Examples: am, is, are, was, were, tastes, smells, looks, turned, sounded, appeared, felt, etc. Wait a second…aren’t smell, taste, look, appear ACTION verbs? Depends how you use it in a sentence!

8. LINKING VERBS link the noun/pronoun in the subject to an adjective in the predicate (called a predicate adjective) Cinderella was overworked. The step-sisters were mean. Cinderella looked beautiful. The ball sounded wonderful.

9. LINKING VERBS link the noun/pronoun in the subject to an adjective in the predicate (called a predicate adjective) So, how do you know if those “tricky” ones are ACTION verbs or LINKING verbs? Here’s a simple trick: If you can replace the verb with “is”, “are” or “was”, and it makes sense…it’s a linking verb. Try it!

10. LINKING VERBS link the noun/pronoun in the subject to an adjective in the predicate (called a predicate adjective) Cinderella looked beautiful. LINKING! Cinderella looked at the prince. ACTION!

11. LINKING VERBS link the noun/pronoun in the subject to an adjective in the predicate (called a predicate adjective) Cinderella smelled the baking apple pie. ACTION! The apple pie smelled delicious. LINKING!

12. LINKING VERBS link the subject to a predicate adjective. They connect and they describe The nouns or the pronouns To a describing word. THEY ARE THE LINKING VERBS! Am, are, is, was, were Appear, become, feel, grow and Look, remain, seem, smell Taste, stay, sound, and turn To see if it is really A linking verb - a trick is Replace the verb with “is, are” It’s a linking verb if it works! Sing to the Addams Family tune.tune

13. ACTION VERBS: What differences do you notice between the verbs in column 1 and those in column 2? ranscampered saidexclaimed heldgripped wentscurried walkedtrudged sawspied openedripped cuthacked

14. ACTION VERBS: What differences do you notice between the verbs in column 1 and those in column 2? felltumbled attachedstitched showedunfurled closedslammed turnedwhirled atedevoured separatesplit tookseized

15. What differences do you notice between the verbs in column 1 and those in column 2? The verbs in column 2 are more specific and VIVID than the verbs in column 1. They “show” not “tell” about the action. They are called “vivid verbs”.

16. Replace the verb with a more vivid verb: The giant went after Jack. Jack went down the beanstalk. King Midas held the gold coin. Cinderella cleaned the stove.

17. Verbs Function : To show action or state of being Examples : Action Verbs run walk laugh hug write watch study play talk Helping Verbs is am are was were be been being do does did has have had can may will shall could would should might must Linking Verbs is am are was were be been being

18. What differences to you see between these sentences? The boy hit the ball. The ball was hit. The dog ate the food. The food was eaten. The teacher read the book. The book was read. The firemen put out the fire. The fire was put out. Answer: The sentences in column 1 are written in ACTIVE VOICE. The sentences in column 2 are written in PASSIVE VOICE.

19. Active vs. Passive Voice In the ACTIVE VOICE, the subject of the sentence- the person, animal, or thing performing the action- ACTION VERB. In the PASSIVE VOICE, the subject of the sentence is either not present, or is the object of a preposition – it uses a HELPING VERB.

20. Active vs. Passive Voice Examples The mosquito bit the man. (active voice – action verb) The man was bitten by a mosquito. (passive voice – helping verb) The shed was burned by the fire. (passive voice – helping verb) The fire burned the shed. (active voice – action verb)

21. Change the sentences from PASSIVE VOICE to ACTIVE VOICE. The movie was watched by the whole family. The whole family watched the movie. The computer was turned on by the student. The student turned on the computer.

22. Change the sentences from ACTIVE VOICE to PASSIVE VOICE. Jack fooled the giant. The giant was fooled by Jack. The magic apple put the princess to sleep. The princess was put to sleep by the magic apple.

23. PASSIVE VOICE or ACTIVE VOICE? The bridge was crossed by the three billy goats. The three billy goats crossed the bridge. The golden egg was laid by the magic goose. The magic goose laid the golden egg.

24. Eight Parts of Speech: Nouns Pronoun s Adjectives Verbs