1. Chapter 6
Listening

2. Chapter Outcomes Outline the listening process and styles of listening
List the advantages of listening well
Identify challenges to good listening and their remedies
Identify ethical factors in the listening process
Describe how contexts affect listening

3. How We Listen Hearing Listening
Physiological, involuntary process of perceiving sound
Listening
Multidimensional process of recognizing, understanding, and accurately interpreting and responding effectively to the messages you hear

4. The Listening Process Three specific components
Affective component refers to your attitude toward listening to a person or message
Cognitive component requires
Selecting
Attending
Understanding

5. The Listening Process (cont.)
Behavioral component requires
Remembering
Responding

6. The Listening Process (cont.)
Active listening
Requires active participation in making choices about selecting, attending, and so on
Passive listening
Means failing to make active choices
Listening fidelity
How well the listener’s thoughts match those of the message producer

7. Personal Listening Preferences
People-oriented listeners
Listen with relationships in mind
Action-oriented listeners
Focus on tasks

8. Personal Listening Preferences (cont.)
Content-oriented listeners
Evaluate what they hear
Time-oriented listeners
Consider efficiency most of all

9. The Value of Listening Well
Helps your career
Saves you time and money
Creates opportunities
Strengthens relationships
Accomplishes your goals

10. Why We Listen Informational (comprehensive) listening
Seeking to understand a message
Critical (evaluative) listening
Making a judgment about a message
Using critical thinking to determine key points, focus efforts, decode nonverbal cues, use memory

11. Why We Listen (cont.) Empathic listening
Feeling how another person feels
Using openness, sensitivity, caring, nonverbal immediacy behaviors, and paraphrasing
Appreciative listening
Taking pleasure in sounds

12. Listening Challenges Listening barriers
Factors that interfere with our ability to comprehend information and respond appropriately

13. Listening Challenges (cont.)
Environmental factors include
Loud noise, unpleasant temperatures, visual distractions, large groups
Hearing and processing challenges include
Physical or medical issues related to age or physical condition

14. Listening Challenges (cont.)
Multitasking
Impairs our ability to focus on any one thing
Boredom and overexcitement
Distract effective listening
Attitudes about listening
Belief that talking is more powerful
Overconfidence and laziness
Listening (receiver) apprehension

15. The Ethics of Listening
Unethical listening behaviors
Defensive listening involves responding with aggression without fully listening.
Selective listening zeros in on bits of interesting information.
Insensitive listening means listening only to words, not to emotional content.

16. The Ethics of Listening (cont.)
Unethical listening behaviors (cont.)‏
Self-absorbed means hearing only the information related to your own goals
Monopolistic listening
Attacking
Ambushing
Pseudolistening means pretending to listen by nodding or saying “uh-huh.”

17. Listening in Context Relational and situational contexts
Cultural context
Technological context