1. Aim: How does adaptative variation lead to the survival of an organism?

2. How is Kevin Costner different form everybody else in Water World? He had webbed feet and gills ADAPTIVE VARIATION

3. Variation DIFFERENCES (in structure and or behavior) within a population

4. What produces variations? Sexual reproduction recombination of genes Meiosis Crossing over Independent assortment – different gametes made by one parent Mutations

5. Why are variations important to a population? Variation in a species increases the chances that some members will survive an environmental change. Why is this important?

6. For example: The peppered moth

7. Adaptation A variation that allows an organism to survive in it’s environment

8. Adaptive Variation A variation that allows you to survive a changing environment

9. What would happen to a population with variation if the environment changed? Those who had an adaptive variation would survive. Those that don’t will die. This would lead to …. EVOLUTION

10. What would happen to a population that did not have variation? If they don’t posses a trait that allows them to adapt to a changing environment, they will die out: EXTINCTION

11. What is the theory of evolution? Theory – well tested conclusion that has been accepted by the scientific community. Evolution : 1)The process by which species change over time. 2)Present day species are related to ancient species.

12. Summary Questions: 1)The driving force behind evolution is the interaction between the individual organisms and the __________. 2) In your own words, define what an adaptive variation is? 3) Explain what the following statement means, “Individual organisms do not evolve, species do”.

16. A certain species has little genetic variation. The rapid extinction of this species would most likely result from the effect of (1) successful cloning (2) gene manipulation (3) environmental change (4) genetic recombination

17. The least genetic variation will probably be found in the offspring of organisms that reproduce using (1) mitosis to produce a larger population (2) meiosis to produce gametes (3) fusion of eggs and sperm to produce zygotes (4) internal fertilization to produce an embryo

18. In an environment that undergoes frequent change, species that reproduce sexually may have an advantage over species that reproduce asexually because the sexually reproducing species produce (1) more offspring in each generation (2) identical offspring (3) offspring with more variety (4) new species of offspring in each generation

19. In a group of mushrooms exposed to a poisonous chemical, only a few of the mushrooms survived. The best explanation for the resistance of the surviving mushrooms is that the resistance (1) was transmitted to the mushrooms from the poisonous chemical (2) resulted from the presence of mutations in the mushrooms (3) was transferred through the food web to the mushrooms (4) developed in response to the poisonous chemical