1. Chapter 21.1 Environmental Problems

2. How to do a Pre-read 1.Properly head paper; include title with location and description; Number page 2.List Vocabulary words (no definitions) 3.List Objectives (can paraphrase using words you understand) 4.Read over SRQ’s

3. Pre-read Pollution Renewable resources Nonrenewable resources overpopulation biodiversity biodegradable Describe major types of pollution Distinguish (compare and contrast) between Renewable and nonrenewable resources How do Alien species thrive (succeed) How does destruction of habitat affect organisms? What impact does Human Population Growth have on the environment? Vocabulary: Objectives: N-1

4. Notes: Pollution is the presence of harmful substances, called pollutants, in an environment Types of Pollution: Solid Waste - Garbage Most goes to landfills where it poses threats 12Kg (26.5 lbs) waste/person/ week in USA Improper burning causes air pollution Hazardous waste – harmful to humans and environment medical wastes wastes from factories, etc. from home – paints, batteries, detergents Biodegradable packaging (4.2min) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G MYANdN0SAY http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G MYANdN0SAY

5. Types of Pollution: Chemical Toxic – poisonous PCB’s, refrigerants (CFC’s) – mostly banned due to damage to ozone layer Lead paints, medicines Radioactive waste  Hazardous – can cause cancers, leukemia, and birth defects  From nuclear power plants  Take thousands of years to break down and become “harmless”

6. Types of Pollution: Heat  Increase in greenhouse gases (CO 2 )  Increase/decrease of temperature of Earth – Global Warming  Extreme weather and temperatures Noise  Loud noises can affect the ability to hear and think  Can lead to hearing loss Noise and Whales (2.3min) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v =dDLtWdBRzPk&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v =dDLtWdBRzPk&feature=related

7. Section Review Questions How to write SRQ’s 1.) Read question 2.) Rephrase the question as part of the answer – do NOT rewrite question 3.) Write each answer in complete sentences. 4.) Skip space between answers to allow for editing

8. SRQs pg 500 1) Two ways pollution can be harmful are... 2) Loud noise can be a pollutant because…. 3) Hospitals are helpful because……. But they can be harmful because …… Refrigerators are helpful because … But can be harmful because … Concretes can be helpful by ….. But can be harmful because …. N-1C

9. Chapter 21.1b Notes: Distinguish between renewable and nonrenewable resources: Renewable resources are those that can be used over and over again. There is an unlimited supply Non-renewable resources are those that can be used only once. Available in a limited supply N-1C

10. Can be used over and over Unlimited Supply Water, solar power, wind Involve with energy Natural resources Can only be used 1X Limited supply Fossil Fuels – coal, oil, petroleum

11. How do Alien species thrive (succeed) Alien species are organisms that move into a new environment Can be carried unintentionally on clothing or in luggage etc. – zebra mussels came on ship hulls Are able to thrive due to lack of natural predators in new area Some alien species were brought here for a purpose – dandelions and tomatoes are crops Become invasive if they impact environment, taking resources away from native species N-1d

12. Invasive Species A species is considered invasive if it demonstrates one or more of the following:  alters ecosystem function  Becomes established in undisturbed natural areas  Prevents or depresses regeneration of native species  Lacks natural predators Invasive Plants PA http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/c s/groups/public/documents/d ocument/dcnr_20026634.pdf http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/c s/groups/public/documents/d ocument/dcnr_20026634.pdf

13. Describe a possible connection between alien species and endangered species Endangered Species are those species whose population numbers have fallen dangerously low, and may be unable to maintain their numbers in the wild.

15. Effects of habitat destruction Biodiversity means the variety of life (bio = life; diversity = variety). It refers to the many different species found in a particular habitat

16. Forests – trees provide oxygen, furniture, fuel, food, etc Deforestation is the clearing of forest land often for housing or farming, or for resources Tropical rainforest land is not very fertile (lacks nutrients) so is not good for farming Effects of habitat destruction Every time a habitat is destroyed, biodiversity is lost

17. Effects of habitat destruction Wetlands – help control flooding, filter pollutants, provide breeding grounds, help prevent erosion, restore underground water supplies  Were not always valued  Often drained and filled for houses etc  Can also be destroyed by pollution Wetlands (3min) http://whyy.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/l sps07.sci.life.eco.wetlands/the-value-of- wetlands/ http://whyy.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/l sps07.sci.life.eco.wetlands/the-value-of- wetlands/

18. Biodegradable refers to products that can break down in the environment. Plastics are not biodegradable and often pollute oceans; animals get caught in plastic rings and bags Ocean of Garbage (2.13 min) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IbGDNp RTKxg&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IbGDNp RTKxg&feature=related Effects of habitat destruction Marine – often damaged by oil spills, pollution can be carried from one ocean to another

19. Monoculture and the Irish Potato Famine: 1845-1848

20. Affects of Human Population Growth Overpopulation occurs when the number of individuals becomes so large that they can’t get all the food, water, and other resources to survive. Human population has been growing at much faster rate over recent years; could reach a point of being too big for planet http://www.worldometers.info/

22. SRQs pg 504 1)Alien species often thrive in foreign lands because they have no natural predators. They become invasive species when they push out native species. 2)The larger the human population is, the more energy and resources are needed, and the more waste will be produced. Pollution problems happen when there is more waste being produced than can be disposed of without harming the environment. 3)Destruction of wetland habitats affects humans in many ways. Loss of this habitat can increase flooding and erosion, increase pollutants, and decrease underground water supplies.

25. Chapter 21.2 Environmental Solutions

26. Pre-read Conservation Recycling Resource recovery Explain the importance of conservation Describe the 3 R’s and their importance Explain how habitats can be protected List ways you can help protect the Earth Vocabulary: Objectives: N-4 Pg 505-508 Pg 509-511

27. Explain the importance of conservation Conservation is the wise use of and the preservation of natural resources Practicing conservation means using fewer natural resources –  riding a bike or walking instead of driving  composting instead of using chemical fertilizers Conservation prevents soil and water pollution

28. Describe the 3 R’s and their importance Going Green with Timon and Pumba (12 min) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OYP2_wsDkV4

29. Describe the 3 R’s and their importance Going Green with Timon and Pumba (12 min) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OYP2_wsDkV4 REDUCE waste and use of nonrenewable resources Less packaging; biodegradable packaging Organic farming reduces use of pesticides and fertilizers Alternative sources of energy – solar, wind, water

30. REUSE products and water Rechargeable batteries Plastic bags or cloth bags Organic farming reduces use of pesticides and fertilizers 85% of water used in homes goes down drain Greywater is water reclaimed from home use from bathroom sinks, showers, tubs, and washing machines. It has not come into contact with feces may contain traces of dirt, food, grease, hair, and certain household cleaning products; may look “dirty,” but is a safe and even beneficial source of irrigation water in a yard.

31. RECYCLE a form of reuse Recycling requires breaking down trash and making it into something new Only 11% of US garbage is recycled!! Resource recovery is the process of transforming garbage into electricity Waste collected in USA could produce energy = to 15 large nuclear power plants! Single stream with Mr. Can https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=629clJ5VZFc

32. SRQs pg 508 1.Conservation is … 2.Three main ways to conserve natural resources are… 3.Conserving resources reduces pollution and other damage to the Earth by …

33. Explain how habitats can be protected Habitats can be protected by using fewer chemicals – pesticides, fertilizers; develop more biodegradable pesticides and fertilizers; use natural pesticides specific to pest (aphids) reducing pollution – handle hazardous and toxic wastes appropriately; avoid letting wastes get into waterways avoiding habitat destruction – conserve current habitats; use resources at a sustainable rate protecting species – enforce Endangered Species Act using alternative energy resources such as wind, solar and water

34. What You Can Do http://storyofstuff.org/ Solutions (9min) biodegradable plastic bottle http://www.biotaspringwater.com/

35. SRQs pg 511 1.Biodiversity is important because … 2.Habitats must be preserved and protected … 3.Reduce 3.Reduce : all except #16 Reuse Reuse : 2, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 Recycle Recycle : 1, 3, 6, 15, 16

36. You only need to reuse a bag (cloth type) 11 times before you've helped to reduce the environmental impact of paper and plastic bags. How it all ends (10 min) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mF_anaVcCXg Global climate destabilization Don't call it global warming!

37. Biosphere 2 Biosphere 2 (2012) (9min) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V LroU3PaO3g&list=PLZBxXB2X3kcz1bjU uhkI6-Isua7IcjRC3&index=9 Jane Poynter TED (16 min) http://www.youtube.com/wa tch?v=a7B39MLVeIc&list=PLZ BxXB2X3kcz1bjUuhkI6- Isua7IcjRC3&index=1