1. Social Psychology Kimberley A. Clow kclow2@uwo.ca http://www.ssc.uwo.ca/psychology/undergraduate/psych020-003/ Login: psych20-003 Password: greentea

2. Outline Social Psychology Helping Who we help When we help Influence of Groups Social Facilitation Social Loafing Attraction Beauty Love

3. Social Psychology Definition Social psychology is the scientific study of the way in which people’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviour are influenced by the real or imagined presence of other people Emphasizes the situational factors that affect behaviour

4. Helping

5. Who Do We Help? 80 60 20 0 0 40 % Helping HighMediumLowNone Genetic Relatedness

6. Social Factors Similarity Responsibility

7. Kitty Genovese

8. The Process of Helping

9. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0123456 Minutes Passed Since Smoke Started % Reporting Smoke AloneThree Person Group Smoke Filled Room

10. Decision Stages  Helping

12. Do Groups Help or Hinder? What influence do groups have? Do you perform better in a group? Do you perform worse in a group? Do groups alter the way you behave?

13. Presence of Others Physiological Arousal Improved Performance Impaired Performance On well- mastered or simple tasks dominant response is right On difficult or complex tasks dominant response is wrong Dominant Responses

14. Social Loafing Told to clap or cheer as loud as you can Wearing headphones Hearing others clap or cheer Can’t hear themselves

15. Facilitation vs. Loafing

16. When Do People Join Groups? When they believe they would fail on their own Stereotypical male vs. female tasks When they want information When they don’t want to face an uneasy situation alone

17. Another Shocking Study… Women giving shocks KKK outfits Nurse uniforms Deindividuation Losing one’s sense of personal identity More susceptible to the cues in the situation?

18. Attitude Towards Grad School Unsure Definite GO Before Group Discussion After discussion, the group that initially favored grad school would be even more strongly in favor Definite NO (Get A Job!) Conversely, the group that initially disfavored grad school would be even more opposed After Group Discussion

19. What About Attraction? Influencing Factors Similarity Personality, attitudes, interests, physical features Proximity College dorm study Familiarity Mere exposure Physical Attractiveness

20. Which of these three faces do you prefer? 1 2 3 Beauty

21. Beauty Across Time Beauty in the 1950s. Recognize “her”? Beauty in the 1980s. Recognize “her”?

22. The Matching Principle People tend to date others of similar attractiveness and with similar attitudes

23. Situational Determinants

24. Getting Acquainted Study Men and women talk over intercom Men shown pictures Attractive or unattractive

25. Beauty Is Good Stereotype Male’s Male’s Female’s Expectations Behavior Behavior

26. Many Types of Love

27. Love Changes People involved in serious relationships rate beautiful models as less attractive The more committed the person, the less they reciprocate interest from another attractive other Some people switch attachment styles in response to relationship experiences People married to dissimilar partners change their personalities more over the years

28. Problem Factors Too much dissimilarity Boredom Changes in reciprocal evaluations and attributions Jealousy Inequity Temperament Exchange Orientation

29. How to Communicate Some helpful rules Positive framing Express appreciation Avoid silent treatment Don’t pretend to be a psychologist Speak for yourself, not your partner Say it directly Nothing nice to say? Then keep quiet