1. Yahira L. Aviles Diaz Walden University EDUC 7101

2.  Early 1900’s  Need of specialized courses

3.  Minimum research found (as it usually happens when researching innovations).  Research available mostly in United States.  There is a need to develop more online courses.  There is a relation between teacher’s online learning environment experience and student retention (or program success)  Evaluative instrumentation  Improvement of outcomes for students with disabilities  Further systematic research is needed.

4.  1906 – 1 st distance learning correspondence  1929 – radio as a learning medium  1961 – television as a distance learning tool  1991 – 1 st online learning implementation (California)  1994 – Statewide virtual schools in Utah  1996 – Virtual High School Global Consortium (VHS)  2000-2001 – 1 st full-time program in US

5.  45 out 50 states offer online courses  Virtual schools (part-time)  Cyber schools (full-time)  Hybrid or blended programs created

6. Amounts of States Implementing Virtual Schools Since Birth 50 45 40 42 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 01 2 3 1991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012 Years since birth until today.

7.  Offer wider range of courses  Solve scheduling conflicts  Equivalent grade certification or diploma  Time  Location  Financial

8. Archambault, L., & Crippen, K. (2009). K-12 distance educators at work: Who’s teaching online across the United States. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 41(4), 363-391. Barbour, K. (2011). The promise and the reality: Exploring virtual schooling in rural jurisdictions. Education in Rural Australia, 21 (1), 1-19.

9. Davis, R., Marshall, J., Mills, S., Pape, L., & Roblyer, M. (2008). Toward practical procedures for predicting and promoting success in virtual school students. The American Journal of Distance Education, 22(2), 91-104. doi: 10.1080/08923640802039040