1. 5 pts

2. 1. What is the micromolcule of nucleic acids?

3. Nucleotide

4. 2. Name the 2 macromolecules of nucleic acids.

5. RNA, DNA

6. 3. What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?

7. Phosphate group, 5 carbon sugar, nitrogenous base

8. 4. Name the sugar found in RNA.

9. Ribose

10. 5. Name the sugar found in DNA.

11. Deoxyribose

12. 6. What is the structural difference between ribose and deoxyribose?

13. Deoxyribose is missing an O on the 2’ carbon

14. 7. Name the nitrogenous bases found in DNA.

15. Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine

16. 8. Name the nitrogenous bases found in RNA.

17. Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, Cytosine

18. 9. Name the purines.

19. Guanine, Adenine

20. 10. What are Cytosine, Thymine, and Uracil called?

21. Pyrimidines

22. 11. Name the most important nucleotide.

23. ATP -adenosine triphosphate

24. 12. Name the parts of ATP.

25. Adenine base, ribose sugar, three phosphate base

26. 13. What is ATP used for?

27. To supply energy for your body’s chemical reactions

28. 14. Name the three states of ATP.

29. ATP, ADP, AMP

30. 15. How does ATP supply energy for your body?

31. Phosphate group is removed (high energy bond is broken)

32. 10 pts

33. 16. Where can ADP and AMP be recharged?

34. Mitochondria

35. 17. How does the mitochondria recharge ADP and AMP?

36. It adds on phosphate groups

37. 18. How many phosphate groups are on ADP? How many on AMP?

38. 2, 1

39. 19. Name two other nucleotides.

40. NAD & FAD

41. 20. What are these two other nucleotides?

42. Coenzymes

43. 21. What does RNA stand for?

44. Ribonucleic acid

45. 22. What does DNA stand for?

46. Deoxyribonucleic acid

47. 23. What are RNA and DNA composed of?

48. Long chains of nucleotides- millions!

49. 24. Name the reaction which combines nucleotides together.

50. Condensation

51. 25. What is the name of the structure which DNA assumes?

52. Double Helix

53. 26. What holds the two strands of nucleotides together in DNA?

54. Hydrogen bonding

55. 27. Where does hydrogen bonding take place in DNA?

56. Between nitrogenous bases

57. 28. Name the nitrogenous base pairing in DNA and how many hydrogen bonds you would find between each.

58. Adenine & Thymine = 2 bonds Guanine & Cytosine = 3 bonds

59. 29. What nitrogenous base is used in RNA in place of Thymine found in DNA?

60. Uracil

61. 30. What is the structural difference between purines and pyrimidines?

62. Purines are a 2 ring structure, pyrimidines are a 1 ring structure

63. 15 pts

64. 31. Who discovered the shape of DNA?

65. Watson & Crick

66. 32. In a DNA double helix, what are the side-rails of the ladder composed of?

67. Alternating phosphate groups and sugars

68. 33. What are the rungs of the DNA ladder composed of?

69. Nitrogenous bases

70. 34. How does DNA ultimately determine how an organism will look?

71. By the proteins it builds

72. The End