1. 1 an effective Guidelines for an effective oral presentation Ahmed Alenezi, PhD, FASNC, DABSNM

2. 2 You do not only present content but also YOURSELF but also YOURSELF

3. 3 Objectives To plan your talk: 1.Before the talk 2.Right before the talk 3.During the talk 4.Right after the talk To differentiate between good and bad features of a presentation Evaluate your presentation Evaluate other’s presentation Improve your presentation skills

4. 4 When you are on the receiving end, hearing constructive, respectful criticism is the best way to improve your presentation skills. In a good talk, the speaker 1) understands his or her audience 2) the purpose for the talk. 3) The presentation is well organized, delivered so all can understand, and accompanied by clear, supporting visuals. How can I give a good presentation?

5. 5 Planning the Content What information will you include in your presentation? You will need to find out about the audience. Who will be attending? How many people will be there? Will they be comfortable with the content and style of the presentation? Will they be familiar with ideas, concepts and/or terminology in the presentation What makes a successful presentation?

6. 6 By becoming a more attentive listener Learn from positive and negative examples Draw conclusion of your own future presentation Not only contents & slides important but also style of presenting Give your talk to friends(ask for evaluation) Don’t be afraid: you are one among many other speakers, and nobody is going to eat you. Become a better speaker

7. 7 Lectures: (researchers, scientists, professional people) Conference talks (seminars): (researchers, scientists, professional people, students) Defend a Thesis, teaching, oral exam: (Postgraduate students) Interview (post-doc, job) Types of Scientific Presentation

8. 8 Information about the venue and the time allocated is also important. Ask about: The location of the venue; The size and layout of the venue, and the kinds of facilities that it has (e.g. audiovisual); How much time you will have; and Whether there will be time for questions during or after the presentation Before the talk

9. 9 -Your aim: present your talk in a very convincing style -Audience: (know your audience) who? familiar with ideas,terminology in the presentation 1- Specialists (highly scientific, discussion of details) 2- General audience (simple, interesting content) 3- Students (basic, didactics) 4- Mixed (50% basics, 50% special result) difficult -Keep the audience interested in your presentation How to plan a scientific presentation

10. 10 1- Introduction: (What? Why?) -importance of this talk 2-Experimental: (How?) -make audience understand how you got your results 3-Result & Discussion: (How to explain it?) -allow audience to understand your results 4-Conclusion: (What is it good for?) -give a “take home message” [3 points] 5-Acknowledgment: (What was the help?) -boss, grants, technical support Presentation structures tell them what you're going to tell them, tell them, and tell them what you told them

11. 11 Try to attract the attention of the audience with an introductory sentence Avoid too many statistics & charts or graphs Check for grammar & spelling errors Avoid too many slides (1-2 min/slide ) Contents

12. 12 Not too simple or complex Avoid too crowded table, figure “Slide that cannot be understood in 4 seconds, is a bad slide” Avoid too many animations Contents

13. 13 Avoid speaking too fast (or slow) Slow down when showing cine images Simple and easily understandable English Avoid wrong Pronunciation Not too many nouns (more verbs= vital talk) Avoid filling words as “umm’s”,“aahh’s” Delivery

14. 14 Stand on the proper position No blocking of the screen Do not speak to the wall (should talk to the audience, not to the projector nor screen), Eye contact with each section of the audience The talk should be presented rather than read as a prepared speech. Follow time limit Delivery

15. 15 Hands should be used for appropriate gesturing and definitely not left in the pocket. Direct contact to the audience The presenter

16. 16 Simple, clear, and precise “short words are better than long unfamiliar words” Do everything you can to improve your English skills Don’t use slang, especially if English is not your native language: very likely it means something else than what you think it means English Language

17. 17 Analysis of negative features (51 speakers) Negative features of ineffective lecturing

18. 18 Tired audience: wake them up (jokes, stories,….) Do not direct the laser pointer to people Starting out is the hardest part of the talk (Do not memorize the entire talk) just the first two lines: Hello I’m ????, The title of my talk is ??? Be aware of -which message you want to send, and -what you want your audience to remember. Each slide should have a title Tips

19. 19 Big enough (seen by everyone, back of the room) Main heading should be ≥ 24 points Sub-headlines should be ≥ 16 points Simple (avoiding too many lines/slide) ≤ 6 lines Slides

20. 20 Not too light or too dark Optimal color scheme (avoid red on green) Light, bright colors next to each other produces unpleasant effects Avoid multi-colored (good contrast between the background and the text) Slides

21. 21 Title/author/affiliation (1 slide) Forecast (1 slide) What is the one idea you want people to leave with? Outline (1 slide) Give talk structure. Background – Motivation and Problem Statement (1-2 slides) (Why should anyone care? – Related Work (0-1 slides) Cover superficially or omit – Methods (1 slide) Cover quickly in short talks Results (4-6 slides) This is main body of the talk. (cover key result well. Do not just present numbers; interpret them to give insights). Summary (1 slide) Future Work (0-1 slides) Optionally give problems this research opens up. (20 min talk ~15 slides) Total Number of slides (Conference talk)

22. 22 Most good speakers average two minutes per slide (not counting title and outline slides) Prepare a speech that it will take up about 75-80% of the time allotted to you. This will allow for unexpected incidents during the actual presentation. It’s a good idea to make a time-map outline of your speech on a single sheet of paper. For a 20 minute presentation, your outline would look something like the following: - Introduce myself (20 sec) - Introduce my topic (3 min) - Main body of my speech (10 min) - Conclusions (1-2 min ) Timing your speech

23. 23

24. 24 Thank you Thank you Tips Thank you ``A picture = 10K words,'' but ``Pictures are for weak minds.''

25. 25 This(48), This(48), This(40),This(32), This(24), This(18), This(14) Tips This is not recommended

26. 26 Do not forget to say “ Thank you, are there any questions?” Understand questions, Ask the listeners to repeat the questions if they are not clear Seek for additional explanation Try to figure out appropriate answers while the questions are being asked Very technical question, discuss in the end How to answer questions?

27. 27 Answers by drawing upon your experiences. Be honest and inform the audience that you do not know and inform them that you will try to find the answers. If audience members offer their point of view or suggestion, express appreciation. New aspect, I will think about it. Do not lose your temper. “Stupid question” (kill the speaker) Rules in handling questions

28. 28 It is a basis for future improvement. Several different kinds of evaluation during and after your presentation. Formal evaluation – Written feedback from tutors, lecturers. Informal evaluation – People’s body language; Comments made during or after the presentation; Interaction between yourself and audience members, and the kinds of questions that are asked. Self-evaluation – Think about your presentation. What worked? What didn’t work? Evaluation

29. 29 Formal Evaluation

30. 30 Did you avoid reading from your notes? Did you speak clearly? Did you maintain eye-contact with your audience? Did you hold the audience's interest? Did you allow the audience to ask questions at the end? Questions will help you evaluate your oral presentation

31. 31 KIS S K.I.S.S Principle = K eep I t S hort and Simple Smile. Express that you are happy to give this talk Do not give a talk like reading a paper Speak clearly, loudly enough and pronounced It’s silly, but... remember to spell-check your slides! Aim of teaching = “ a student should become better than his/her teacher” Take home messages