1. Phonetics
Syllables and Stress

2. Books
1. Peter Roach, English phonetics and phonology, Cambridge University Press
2. Anna Mańkowska, Marta Nowacka, Magdalena Kłoczowska, How Much Wood Would a Woodchuck Chuck? English pronunciation practice book, Konsorcjum Akademickie. Kraków-Rzeszów-Zamość
3. Ann Baker, Ship or Sheep? An intermediate pronunciation course, Cambridge University Press

3. What is a syllable?

4. What is A syllable? Onset – what comes before the peak
Peak – little or no obstruction of air flow – usually a vowel
Coda – what comes after the peak.

5. What is A syllable? are – or – err bar – key – more am – ought – ease
run – sat – fill

6. Syllable division
’extra’

7. Syllable division
’extra’ e+kstrə

8. ’extra’ e+kstrə ek+strə
Syllable division
’extra’ e+kstrə ek+strə

9. ’extra’ e+kstrə ek+strə eks+trə
Syllable division
’extra’ e+kstrə ek+strə eks+trə

10. ’extra’ e+kstrə ek+strə eks+trə ekst+rə
Syllable division
’extra’ e+kstrə ek+strə eks+trə ekst+rə

11. ’extra’ e+kstrə ek+strə eks+trə ekst+rə ekstr+ə
Syllable division
’extra’ e+kstrə ek+strə eks+trə ekst+rə ekstr+ə

12. Onsets

13. Codas
Possible pre-final consonants: m, n, ŋ, l, s Possible final consonants: all  except h, r, w, j Possible post-final consonants: s, z, t, d, θ

14. Codas

15. Syllable structure

16. Syllable types
Strong
Weak

17. Weak syllables Unstressed Four types of peak: schwa (ə)
close front unrounded vowel (i:/ɪ) > (i)
close back rounded vowel (u:/ʊ) > (u)
syllabic consonant

18. Syllabic consonants l n ŋ m r

19. Stress A stressed syllable combines five features: It is l o n g e r
It is LOUDER
It has a change in pitch (upwards)
It is said more clearly (compared with weak syllables)
It uses larger facial movements
After:

20. Stress
Stressing the wrong syllable in a word can make the word very difficult to hear and understand; for example, try saying the following words:
And now in a sentence: "I carried the b'tell to the hottle.„
Now reverse the stress patterns for the two words and you should be able to make sense of the sentence! "I carried the bottle to the hotel.„
After:
o O b'tell
O o hottle

21. "They will desert* the desert** by tomorrow." :
Stress
Stressing a word differently can change the meaning or type of the word:
"They will desert* the desert** by tomorrow." :
After:
o O desert*
O o desert**

22. Hearing the Stress

23. Hearing the Stress
Tap-Tap method

24. Homework

25. Some more resources
[middle part]