1. Do Now: On the “Modeling DNA Transcription & Translation” handout, figure out the compimentary DNA sequence AND the mRNA sequence.

2.  TRANSCRIPTION: process that makes an _______ ___________ of DNA.  RNA is ________________, and ___ is replaced by ___ (A-U; G-C)  RNA___________________ makes RNA, using bases complimentary to a DNA sequence.

3.  The mRNA copy of a gene leaves the nucleus, and heads to the ribosomes to be used.  Ribosomes ______________________by following the ___________ instructions

5.  Once the mRNA message leaves the nucleus, a ribosome will attach to it. Ribosome mRNA

7.  A codon is a __________________ sequence of mRNA that codes for a single __________________.

8.  tRNA molecules have an anti-codon that is complimentary to the mRNA codon.  This is how amino acids get put together in the right order

9.  The ribosome attaches the new A.A. to a growing _________________ chain.

10.  _____________code for a tRNA molecule that doesn’t carry any amino acids.  The new protein is released.

11.  After the stop codon is reached, the ribosome lets go of the mRNA. Both will be used again.  Most proteins are modified by other enzymes before they are ready to be used by the cell.

12.  With few exceptions, almost every cell uses the same genetic code.  This is one of the big pieces of evidence for a _________________ ______________ to all living things.

13.  Translation makes ____________, using the instructions in an ___________ molecule.  A __________ is 3 nucleotides that code for a single amino acid.  _______________ build the proteins from amino acids carried by _____________ molecules.  tRNA molecules “decode” the message into protein form by matching their __________________ with the mRNA codons.  The _____________________________________ can be used to figure out the sequence of amino acids in a protein from an mRNA sequence.