1. Music & Memory Judit, Sweta, Fiona, Laura, Floris

2. Some Questions Is studying with music bad? Does it make any difference whether you listen to, for instance, rock or classical music?

3. Outline Introduction Research Questions Hypotheses Experiment Results Conclusion

4. Research Questions What is the influence of music on short-term memory? What is the influence of music preference? –i.e. Is there an interaction?

5. Operationalisations & Definitions Classical = Non-modern non-vocal classical music. Rock = Non-vocal. Short Term Memory = The number of Hungarian words of which the English translation can be learned in a specified amount of time.

6. Experiment Learn 20 Words 4 min. Make test (mixed Words)2 min. 2x

7. Hypotheses The people studying with classical music will do better than the people with rock music. People will perform better when listening to the music they prefer.

8. Something went wrong… Rock group insufficiently instructed: –Learned the Hungarian spellings –Therefore lower score on pretest. Experiment repeated, Subjects deleted & Groups merged –Tests revealed no significant difference between the first group (properly instructed part of it) and the second.

9. Results I PreTestPostTest Average Difference Per Subject

10. Results II Interaction Preference * Group Significance:.234 rock classical

11. Results III Interaction Pref * Difference Pre-Post Significance:.367 rock classical

12. Results III Difference in Performance Significance:.166

13. Conclusions No significant effects were found. –Possible reason: Group size was small. Except for instruction effect.

14. The End Questions?

15. Backup Results Pref. Rock Classical GroupRockClass.RockClass. Test Performance

16. Back-Up I Pref. Rock Classical GroupRockClass.RockClass.

17. Back-Up II

18. Back-Up III

19. Back-Up IV

20. Back-Up V

21. Back-Up VI

22. Back-Up VII