2. Unit 1 How do you study for a test?

3. 1.by 的用法 介词, 表示通过 … 方法或途径的意思, 译成 “ 靠, 通过 ”, 后面可加名词或名词短 语。 e.g. 1) The house was destroyed by fire. 房屋被火烧毁了。 1.by 的用法 介词, 表示通过 … 方法或途径的意思, 译成 “ 靠, 通过 ”, 后面可加名词或名词短 语。 e.g. 1) The house was destroyed by fire. 房屋被火烧毁了。 Explanation

4. 2) travel by air /land/sea. 航空（陆路，航海）旅行 3) go by train /boat/ bus 乘火车（船，公共汽车）去 4) shake sb. by the hand 和某人握手 5) I study English by watching English movies. 我通过看英文电影学英语。 2) travel by air /land/sea. 航空（陆路，航海）旅行 3) go by train /boat/ bus 乘火车（船，公共汽车）去 4) shake sb. by the hand 和某人握手 5) I study English by watching English movies. 我通过看英文电影学英语。

5. 另外, by 作为介词的意义有很多, 例如 : 1 ）在 … 旁边，靠近 e.g. There is a power station by the river. 河边有一个电厂。 2 ）沿着，经由 e.g. come by the highway 由公路来 3 ）由于 e.g. by mistake 由于差错 另外, by 作为介词的意义有很多, 例如 : 1 ）在 … 旁边，靠近 e.g. There is a power station by the river. 河边有一个电厂。 2 ）沿着，经由 e.g. come by the highway 由公路来 3 ）由于 e.g. by mistake 由于差错

6. 4 ）被，由 e.g. some articles written by Lu Xun 一些由鲁迅写的文章 5 ）表示面积 e.g. a room 5m by 4m 一间长五米宽四米的房间 6 ）逐批 e.g. one by one 一个接一个 4 ）被，由 e.g. some articles written by Lu Xun 一些由鲁迅写的文章 5 ）表示面积 e.g. a room 5m by 4m 一间长五米宽四米的房间 6 ）逐批 e.g. one by one 一个接一个

7. How do you study Chinese? I learn Chinese by listening to cassettes the radio songs parents speaking friends speaking cassettes the radio songs parents speaking friends speaking

8. by speaking it every day. by reading it every day. (text books, newspapers, magazines, story books … ) by watching TV, by watching movies, by memorizing the words of pop songs. by speaking it every day. by reading it every day. (text books, newspapers, magazines, story books … ) by watching TV, by watching movies, by memorizing the words of pop songs.

9. How do you learn English? How do you learn English? by listening cassettes. by studying with a group. by watching English programs on TV. by enjoying English songs. by taking part in English classes. by listening cassettes. by studying with a group. by watching English programs on TV. by enjoying English songs. by taking part in English classes. I study English

10. by getting an English tutor. by reading English magazines and newspapers. by surfing the Internet. by making flashcards. by reading the textbook. by getting an English tutor. by reading English magazines and newspapers. by surfing the Internet. by making flashcards. by reading the textbook.

11. by asking the teacher for help. by making vocabulary lists. by taking notes carefully. by having the English class carefully. by finishing my homework seriously. by asking the teacher for help. by making vocabulary lists. by taking notes carefully. by having the English class carefully. by finishing my homework seriously.

12. Girl 1: Welcome to the English club. Today we’re going to talk about the best ways to learn English. Who has an idea? Boy 1: Do you learn English by watching English-language videos? Listening text

13. Girl 2: No. It’s too hard to understand the voices. Boy 1: What about keeping a diary in English? Do you learn English that way? Girl 2: I think so.It helps to write English every day.

14. Girl 3: Have you ever studied with a group? Girl 2: Yes, I have! I’ve learned a lot that way. Girl 1: Do you ever practice conversations with friends? Girl 2: Oh, yes. It improves my speaking skills.

15. Boy 1: What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation? Girl 3: I do that sometimes. I think it helps. Boy 2: I do too. And I always look up new words in a dictionary. Girl 3: That’s a great idea!

16. Practice (2c: P3) A sample dialogue: S1: Have you ever practiced conversations with your friends? S2: Yes, I have. I’ve learned a lot that way. S3: Have you ever read aloud to practice your pronunciation? S4: No, I haven’t. I think it’s too hard.

17. “How” questions How 引导的特殊疑问句有多种用法 1.how 用在问候语中。如： How do you do? ( 你好！ ) 这是初次见面 时的问候语, 答语也用 How do you do? 2.how 用来询问身体健康状况, 意为 " 怎么 样 " 。如： -How is your mother? 你妈妈身体怎么样？ -She is very well. 她很好。 “How” questions How 引导的特殊疑问句有多种用法 1.how 用在问候语中。如： How do you do? ( 你好！ ) 这是初次见面 时的问候语, 答语也用 How do you do? 2.how 用来询问身体健康状况, 意为 " 怎么 样 " 。如： -How is your mother? 你妈妈身体怎么样？ -She is very well. 她很好。 Grammar Focus (P3)

18. 3. how 用来询问做事的方式或手段， 意为 " 怎样 " 。如： -How do you come to school? 你怎样来上学？ -By bike. 骑自行车。 4. how 用来询问动作的执行的程度， 意为 " 怎么样 " 。如： -How do you like this book ？ 你觉得这本书怎么样？ -Very much. 非常喜欢。 3. how 用来询问做事的方式或手段， 意为 " 怎样 " 。如： -How do you come to school? 你怎样来上学？ -By bike. 骑自行车。 4. how 用来询问动作的执行的程度， 意为 " 怎么样 " 。如： -How do you like this book ？ 你觉得这本书怎么样？ -Very much. 非常喜欢。

19. Structures: 1. –How + do + you / we / they + do + something? –We / They + do + by + sth. / doing. 2. –How + does + he / she / it + do + something? –He / She / It + does + by + sth. / doing. Structures: 1. –How + do + you / we / they + do + something? –We / They + do + by + sth. / doing. 2. –How + does + he / she / it + do + something? –He / She / It + does + by + sth. / doing.

20. 注意 how 和 what 引导的疑问句是不 一样的，不能混淆。 How 通常对程度或方式进行提问， 意为 “ 怎么样 ” ，回答通常做状语或表语。 What 常对动作的发出者或接受者进 行提问，意为 “ 什么 ” ，回答通常做主语 或宾语。 注意 how 和 what 引导的疑问句是不 一样的，不能混淆。 How 通常对程度或方式进行提问， 意为 “ 怎么样 ” ，回答通常做状语或表语。 What 常对动作的发出者或接受者进 行提问，意为 “ 什么 ” ，回答通常做主语 或宾语。

21. 比较： 1. How is your summer holiday? It is perfect. ( 表示程度, 做表语 ) 2. How did you travel around the world? I traveled by bike. ( 表方式, 做状语 ) 比较： 1. How is your summer holiday? It is perfect. ( 表示程度, 做表语 ) 2. How did you travel around the world? I traveled by bike. ( 表方式, 做状语 )

22. 3. What do you learn at school? I learn Chinese, English and other subjects. ( 做宾语 )

23. Lillian Li 1.I think learning English by reading magazines is the best way. 2. Memorizing the words of pop songs helps a little. 3. Studying grammar is too boring.

24. Wei Ming 1.Studying grammar is a great way to learn a language. 2. Watching English movies is not a bad way. 3. I find watching movies frustrating because the people speak too quickly. 1.Studying grammar is a great way to learn a language. 2. Watching English movies is not a bad way. 3. I find watching movies frustrating because the people speak too quickly.

25. Liu Chang 1. Joining the English club is the best way to improve English. 2. Having conversations with friends is not helpful at all.

26. Language points: 1. ask sb. about sth. 问某人某事 2.the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方法 3.the words of pop songs 流行歌曲的歌词 4.help a little 有点帮助 5.watch sh. do sth. 看见某人做某事 6. find sb./sth. +adj. 发现某人 / 某事怎样 7.have fun =have a good time 过得愉快 8.not …at all 一点也不 9.get /be excited about sth. 对某事感到兴奋 10. end up doing sth. 做某事告终

27. Explanation 1. ask sb. about sth. 问某人某件事情 about 后面加名词或动名词。 e.g. Ask students about the best way of learning. 问学生们最好的学习方法。 ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事， 请某人做某事， to 后面加动词原形。 1. ask sb. about sth. 问某人某件事情 about 后面加名词或动名词。 e.g. Ask students about the best way of learning. 问学生们最好的学习方法。 ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事， 请某人做某事， to 后面加动词原形。

28. e.g. He asked his mother to buy him a new bicycle. 他请求母亲给他买一辆新自行车。 2. Many said they learnt by using English. 许多学生说他们通过使用英语来学 习英语。 e.g. He asked his mother to buy him a new bicycle. 他请求母亲给他买一辆新自行车。 2. Many said they learnt by using English. 许多学生说他们通过使用英语来学 习英语。

29. many 在这里是代词，而不是形容 词，意为 many students. e.g. We can put away many of these plates. We don’t need this many. 我们可以把许多盘子收起来，用 不着这么多。 3. frustrating a. 令人灰心的，令人沮 丧的。 （修饰物，事件） many 在这里是代词，而不是形容 词，意为 many students. e.g. We can put away many of these plates. We don’t need this many. 我们可以把许多盘子收起来，用 不着这么多。 3. frustrating a. 令人灰心的，令人沮 丧的。 （修饰物，事件）

30. e.g. Watching movies to learn English is frustrating because the people speak too quickly. 通过看电影来学英语是让人灰心的, 因为剧中人物说话太快了。 frustrated a. 灰心的, 沮丧的 ( 修饰人） e.g. Watching movies to learn English is frustrating because the people speak too quickly. 通过看电影来学英语是让人灰心的, 因为剧中人物说话太快了。 frustrated a. 灰心的, 沮丧的 ( 修饰人）

31. e.g. I felt frustrated at that time. 那时我觉得很沮丧。 类似的还有： interesting disappointing boring exciting 令人感兴趣的 令人失望的 无聊的 令人兴奋的 interested disappointed bored excited 感兴趣的 感到失望的 感到无聊的 兴奋的 e.g. I felt frustrated at that time. 那时我觉得很沮丧。 类似的还有： interesting disappointing boring exciting 令人感兴趣的 令人失望的 无聊的 令人兴奋的 interested disappointed bored excited 感兴趣的 感到失望的 感到无聊的 兴奋的

32. 4. end up doing sth. 终止做某事, 结 束做某事, 后面加动名词短语, 相当于 finish doing sth., 表示结束做某事, 事 情已完成。 e.g. When we practice speaking English, we often end up speaking in Chinese. 4. end up doing sth. 终止做某事, 结 束做某事, 后面加动名词短语, 相当于 finish doing sth., 表示结束做某事, 事 情已完成。 e.g. When we practice speaking English, we often end up speaking in Chinese.

33. 但要注意与 stop doing sth. 的区别 : stop doing sth. 指停止做某事，有可能 是暂时的，不久还会继续下去。 e.g. We had to stop singing because somebody knocked at the door. 另外， end up with… 以 … 而告终， 后面加名词或动名词。 但要注意与 stop doing sth. 的区别 : stop doing sth. 指停止做某事，有可能 是暂时的，不久还会继续下去。 e.g. We had to stop singing because somebody knocked at the door. 另外， end up with… 以 … 而告终， 后面加名词或动名词。

34. e.g. The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。 5. 在本单元中，出现了大量的动名词。 我们有必要了解动名词的结构和用法。 动名词即动词的 -ing 形式，相当于名 词。在句子中可做主语, 宾语, 表语等。 e.g. The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。 5. 在本单元中，出现了大量的动名词。 我们有必要了解动名词的结构和用法。 动名词即动词的 -ing 形式，相当于名 词。在句子中可做主语, 宾语, 表语等。

35. e.g. 1). I think that doing lots of practice is one of the secrets of learning. doing lots of practice 为动名词短语， 做从句中的主语。 e.g. 1). I think that doing lots of practice is one of the secrets of learning. doing lots of practice 为动名词短语， 做从句中的主语。

36. 2 ） I am enjoying learning English. 动名词短语做宾语。 3 ） Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 （ seeing 做主语， believing 做表语） 2 ） I am enjoying learning English. 动名词短语做宾语。 3 ） Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 （ seeing 做主语， believing 做表语）

37. I think learning English by memorizing the words of pop songs is a great/good way. … is not a bad way Sentence patterns: Speaking

38. …is helpful/ isn’t helpful at all. …successful. …helps a lot/ helps a little.

39. Challenges Solutions can’t get the pronunciation right Listening can help.

40. Challenges Solutions forget a lot of new words You can always write the new words in your notebook and study them at home. can’t always understand when people talk to me Why don’t you join an English language club to practice speaking English?

41. ChallengesSolutions don’t get much writing practice You should find a pen pal.

42. Listening text (T: Teacher B: boy) T: You look worried, Paul. B: I am, Ms Mitchell. I’m having trouble learning English. T: You said you liked English. What’s the problem? B: I can’t get the pronunciation right. (T: Teacher B: boy) T: You look worried, Paul. B: I am, Ms Mitchell. I’m having trouble learning English. T: You said you liked English. What’s the problem? B: I can’t get the pronunciation right.

43. T: Well, listening can help. Why don’t you borrow the teacher’s tapes? You can listen to them at home and repeat the sentences that are difficult for you. B: That’s a good idea. But what about all the new words? I forget a lot of new words. T: Well, listening can help. Why don’t you borrow the teacher’s tapes? You can listen to them at home and repeat the sentences that are difficult for you. B: That’s a good idea. But what about all the new words? I forget a lot of new words.

44. T: You can always write the new words in your notebook and study them at home. You can even study in the train on the way to school. B: That might really help! Thanks. T: Can you understand when people talk to you? T: You can always write the new words in your notebook and study them at home. You can even study in the train on the way to school. B: That might really help! Thanks. T: Can you understand when people talk to you?

45. B: Well, no. Not always. Sometimes I just don’t understand what people are saying. T: Why don’t you join an English language club to practice speaking English? The English club meets after school on Tuesdays and Thursdays. B: Well, no. Not always. Sometimes I just don’t understand what people are saying. T: Why don’t you join an English language club to practice speaking English? The English club meets after school on Tuesdays and Thursdays.

46. B: Maybe I’ll go. The only other problem I have is that I don’t get much writing practice. T: Maybe you should find a pen pal. B: That sounds like a fun way to practice writing. Thanks, Ms Mitchell. B: Maybe I’ll go. The only other problem I have is that I don’t get much writing practice. T: Maybe you should find a pen pal. B: That sounds like a fun way to practice writing. Thanks, Ms Mitchell.

47. Dear Li Lei, I know it isn’t easy to learn English well, but I have some ideas that may help. You said you couldn’t understand people who talked fast. Well, you can try to listen for the most important words, not every word. You can also do lots of Dear Li Lei, I know it isn’t easy to learn English well, but I have some ideas that may help. You said you couldn’t understand people who talked fast. Well, you can try to listen for the most important words, not every word. You can also do lots of

48. listening practice. I think it ’ s one of the secrets of becoming a good language learner. Another thing that I think important is English grammar. In order to learn it well, you have to take a lot of grammar notes in every class. You can write English sentences using the grammar you listening practice. I think it ’ s one of the secrets of becoming a good language learner. Another thing that I think important is English grammar. In order to learn it well, you have to take a lot of grammar notes in every class. You can write English sentences using the grammar you

49. are learning. You can also read more English books. Reading is as important as listening for us to learn English well. If you do so, I believe that you can learn English very well later on. Yours, Meimei are learning. You can also read more English books. Reading is as important as listening for us to learn English well. If you do so, I believe that you can learn English very well later on. Yours, Meimei

50. A sample version: Xu Zheng is a good student. He likes watching English movies and listening to pop songs. He finds pronunciation difficult. Sometimes he learns English by speaking to friends in English. He wrote an essay on why

51. English is important. In his essay he told us that most people speak English as a second language and some other things about English. He said that English could help us understand many new books and movies.

52. A= a reporter of the school magazine B=Xu Zheng A: Hello! Nice to meet you. Could I ask you some questions? B: Yes,please. A: You won the English prize at the school. How do you learn English ? B: I learn by….. A: What things are difficult for you ? B: I can't get the pronunciation and …. A: What is your hobby? B: I like …and…. A: What do you think of English ? B: I think that ….

53. 1._______________________( 学习语法） is the best way to learn new words. 2._____________________________( 看英语电影） is also a good way to learn English. It can help a little. 3.He thinks ______________( 记笔记） is a great way to learn a language. 4. He also thinks that ________________________ ( ） isn ’ t a bad way to learn English. 5.__________________________________( 加入学校的 英语俱乐部） is the best way to improve English.. Studying grammars Memorizing the words of pop songs taking notes watching English movies Joining the English club at school 记 住流行歌词

54. Challenges 1.First of all, it was not easy for him to understand the teacher when she talked. 2.He was also afraid to speak in class. 3.He couldn't always make complete sentences,either. 4. Another thing that he found very difficult was English grammar. Solutions 1.He started to watch English-language TV. It helped a lot. 2. He thinks that doing lots of listening practice is one of the secrets of becoming a good language learner. 3.He decided to take lots of grammar notes in every class. 4. He started to write his own original sentences using the grammar.

55. How do you study for a test? OK ！ Now let’s work in pairs. I study by…

56. Boy 1: Hey, gang. There’s a big test on Tuesday. I really need some help. Can you tell me how you study for a big test? Voices: Sure! Yes. Sure we will. Boy 1: You did really well on the last English test, didn’t you, Mei? Girl 1: Yeah. I did OK. Boy 1: Well, how did you study? Girl 1: By making flashcards. Boy 1: Maybe I’ll try that. How did you study, Pierre? Boy 2: By asking the teacher for help. She was really happy I asked. Boy 1: That’s interesting. How do you study, Antonio? Boy 3: I like to study by listening to cassettes. But some times my mother thinks I’m listening to music. And then she gets mad. Boy 1: Oh, well… 1b?

57. Girl 1: Welcome to the English club. Today we’re going to talk about the best ways to learn English. Who has an idea? Boy 1: Do you learn English by watching English-language videos? Girl 1: No. It’s too hard to understand the voices. Boy 1: What about keeping a diary in English? Do you learn English that way? Girl 2: I think so. It helps to write English every day. Girl 3: have you ever studied with a group? Girl 2: Yes, I have! I’ve learned a lot that way. Girl 1: Do you ever practice conversations with friends? Girl 2: Oh, yes. It improves my speaking skills. Boy 1: What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation? Girl 3: I do that sometimes. I think it helps. Boy 2: I do too. And I always look up new words in a dictionary. Girl 3: That’s a great idea! A2a

58. How do you study for a test? I study by listening to cassettes. How do you learn English? I learn by studying with a group. Do you learn English by reading aloud? Yes, I do. by doing sth: 当你询问怎样做某事或告诉别人怎样做某事时, 常用此形式, 表示 “ 通过 … 方式、方法 ” 或 “ 借助某种手段 ” 。 eg. How does he make a living? He lives by writing. 他怎样谋生呢？他以写作为生。 By working hard I made great progress this term. 通过刻苦努力，我在本学期取得了巨大的进步。

59. Reading (P8)

60. 1. By learning to forget: My friend and I often quarreled about some maths problems, and sometimes both of us decided not to talk to each other any more. But we will be friend again after a day List the ways of dealing with problems mentioned in it.

61. or two. Both of us agree that we should learn to forget the unhappy moment. 2. By regarding problems as challenges: When I was in the primary school, my maths was very poor. Whenever I met a difficult problem, I would ask my mother or my friends for help. Now as

62. a middle school student, I decide to change my way of studying maths. I will try all my best to learn it well by changing problems into challenges. 3. By thinking of something worse: You know, I’m a little fat and not very tall. Once in a PE class, we were

63. asked to do high jump. I was very afraid to do that. After several times’ efforts, I felt disappointed. But later, I found some others couldn’t finish the task, either. It encouraged me a lot and I finished my task eventually.

64. Explanation 1. unless 连词， “ 除非，如果不 ……” e.g. I will go to the Great Wall tomorrow unless it is cloudy. 2. be angry with sb. “ 生某人的气 ” e.g. Our teacher is angry with us because we don’t listen to him in class. 1. unless 连词， “ 除非，如果不 ……” e.g. I will go to the Great Wall tomorrow unless it is cloudy. 2. be angry with sb. “ 生某人的气 ” e.g. Our teacher is angry with us because we don’t listen to him in class.

65. 3. see sb. doing sth. “ 看见某人做某事 ” 动词 see 后面用动词的现在分词作 宾补。类似的动词还有： hear, watch, find 等。 3. see sb. doing sth. “ 看见某人做某事 ” 动词 see 后面用动词的现在分词作 宾补。类似的动词还有： hear, watch, find 等。

66. e.g. When I passed by his room, I heard him singing an English song. 4.change... into... “ 把 …… 变为 ……” e.g. Please change the Chinese sentences into English. e.g. When I passed by his room, I heard him singing an English song. 4.change... into... “ 把 …… 变为 ……” e.g. Please change the Chinese sentences into English.

67. Thank you for listening!