1. Unit 9: Classification Grouping of different types of organisms based upon similarities in structure and evolutionary relationships known as Taxonomy

2. A. ________________________ Designed by ______________ Each organism gets 2 names (Generally 2 Latin names) ________________ Homo sapiens - ________ Canis lupus - _________

3. B. ______________ - Classification based on the evolutionary relationships of organisms - Constantly being restructured based on ______________ Kingdom = a group of ________ Phylum = a group of _________ Class = a group of _____________ Order = a group of ____________ Family = a group of ____________ Genus = a group of _______________ species = the fundamental grouping of phylogeny. Organisms that breed viable offspring

4. Example: Humans Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus species Animalia Chordata Mammalia Primata Hominidae Homo sapien Plantae Magnoliophyta Magnoliopsida Rosales RosaceaeRosaceae sub family:MaloideaeMaloideae Malus sieversii Asian Wild Apple

5. The more closely related two organisms are the more similar their taxonomic key. KingdomAnimalia PhylumChordata ClassMammalia OrderCarnivora FamilyFelidae GenusLynx Puma speciesrufuscanadensisconcolor Which ones are more closely related?

6. If two organisms have the same Genus then the kingdom, phylum, class, order, and family are likely to be the same Which ones are more closely related? Felis domestica Musca domesticaFelis bieti

7. 2. Cladogram - evolution tree diagram - classifys organisms on similarities and evolutionary decent Which organisms are more closely related?

8. Human Ancestors Cladogram

9. C. The 5 Kingdoms  6 Kingdoms  3 Domains Bacteria and Archaea used to be one kingdom called monera

10. Domain Kingdom Cell Type # of Cells Cell Structures Mode of nutrition Examples ArchaeaBacteriaEukarya Archaebacteria EubacteriaProtistaFungiPlantaeAnimalia Unicellular Most Unicellular Most Multicellular Some unicellular Multicellular Prokaryote Eukaryote Cell walls without peptido- glycan Cell walls with peptido- glycan Some cell walls of cellulose, some chloro- plasts Cell walls of chitin Cell wall of cellulose, chloro- plasts No cell walls, no chloro- plasts Heterotroph Autotroph Autotroph or Heterotroph anaerobic Autotroph Methano- gens, halophiles Strepto- coccus E. coli Amoeba, Para- mecium, slime molds, kelp Mushrooms, Mold, Yeast Mosses, ferns, plants Sponges, worms, insects, fish, humans