1. THE GROWTH OF NATIONALISM  Nationalism - pride in one’s country and its independence  Napoleon spread this idea to all of Europe  People began to want to unify their lands in to nations (Italy & Germany)

2. Congress of Vienna  1815: International Conference called to remake Europe after Napoleon  GOAL: to create a balance of power & preserve peace by putting down all nationalist movements

4. ITALY  In the 1800s Italy was a number of city-states  4 men fought to rid Italy of foreign rule

5. Italian Unification  Giuseppe Mazzini- father of Italian nationalism  Founder of Young Italy  Secret nationalist society

6. Italian Unification  Camilo di Cavour  Persuaded Napoleon III to fight against Austria in order to free Lombardy  Freed land was transferred to Italy

7. Italian Unification  Giuseep Garibaldi  Member of Young Italy  Leads a volunteer army known as Red Shirts  Won control of Southern Italy

8. United Italy  A united Italy was formed in 1861  Victor Emmanuel as King  Missing Rome and Venetia

9. Germany  At the beginning of the 1800s Germany was a collection of 100s of independent states  Napoleon reduced the number of states  Called the Rhine Conferedation  Two largest states Prussia and Austria

10. GERMANY  Germany was united by Count Otto von Bismarck of Prussia in 1871  Title of Chancellor “The great questions of our day, cannot be settled by speeches and majority votes, but by blood and iron”

11. Results of Nationalism  Nationalism will plague large empires since the ethnic groups wanted their freedom  European nations were at war in Africa and Asia because they all wanted colonies  by the end of the 1800s most nations had created large armies and navies