1. EXOTIC FRUIT FLIES Jan Hendrik Venter DoA

2. 2 The lurking threat  Bactrocera invadens  Bactrocera cucurbitae  Bactrocera zonata  Entry risk: Johannesburg, Cape Town, Durban, Beitbridge and Lebombo  Establishment risk: KwaZulu Natal, Mpumalanga and fruit producing areas in the Western Cape

3. 3 B invadens First detected in 2003 Described in 2005 It has been detected in 22 African countries From East to West Africa As far South a Northern Angola and Southern Tanzania

4. 4

5. 5 Damage  B. invadens is an aggressive invader  Attacks several fruit species even wild fruit  Major hosts are Mango, Guava and Citrus  Not known to occur on deciduous fruit  In Senegal up 30% Mango losses  Also high losses in Kenya

6. 6 Why important to SA  Will affect fruit production for the small farmer  Cause the loss of export markets  No mitigation treatment has been tested for the species  None of our current export markets has the fruit fly  It is in our interest to survey

7. 7 B. zonata  In Egypt and islands  Attacks stone fruit  Aggressive invader  Originally from India  Able to establish in a Mediterranean climate  Spread to US 2006 and was eradicated due to early detection

8. 8 Surveillance  POE surveillance  Production area surveillance  Early detection is an advantage  Sound pest awareness a must  Eradication only an option if detected early

9. 9

10. 10 RESPONSIBILITIES  We all are responsible  We need to work together  We need to share information  We need to report ASAP

11. 11 Conclusion  Detection ability increased with surveillance  Better prepared for incursions  Share costs and responsibilities  Integrated approach works