1. Imperial China I. The Sung Dynasty 1. Northern China (960 AD) 1. Northern China (960 AD) a. Protected by Great Wall a. Protected by Great Wall b. Attacked by Manchurian b. Attacked by Manchurian Nomads Nomads -set up Chin Dynasty -set up Chin Dynasty -Capital @ Peking -Capital @ Peking c. Sung moved south c. Sung moved south -Capital @ Hangchow -Capital @ Hangchow CHINA DIVIDED Chin in the North Sung in the South

2. I. Sung Dynasty (Continued)… 2. “Most advanced culture in the world” by 1200AD a. Large Cities a. Large Cities -paved streets -paved streets -sanitary dept. -sanitary dept. b. Advancements b. Advancements -medicine -medicine -art -art -mathematics -mathematics -gunpowder -gunpowder

3. 3. Sung Culture a. Farmers = peasants = poor -forced to pay high taxes -forced to pay high taxes -forced into minor jobs -forced into minor jobs -street sweeping -street sweeping -trash collection -trash collection b. Women considered inferior -Foot binding -Foot binding -painful process -painful process -self-debilitating -self-debilitating -symbol of inferiority -symbol of inferiority -dependent on others -dependent on others

4. II. The Mongols (from Central China) History 1. Genghis Khan 1200s a. Fierce Warriors a. Fierce Warriors b. Conquered China, Russia b. Conquered China, Russia & Muslim Empire & Muslim Empire 2. Kublai Khan a. Conquered Sung Dynasty a. Conquered Sung Dynasty b. Mongols = Largest Chinese Empire b. Mongols = Largest Chinese Empire

5. II. The Mongols: Continued… Empire 3. Mongol Empire a. Constructed roads & canals a. Constructed roads & canals b. Built hospitals b. Built hospitals c. Rebuilt Capital Peking c. Rebuilt Capital Peking d. Solution for starvation d. Solution for starvation -surplus food storage -surplus food storage e. Contact with Europeans e. Contact with Europeans -Marco Polo -Marco Polo -Italian Explorer -Italian Explorer -lived in China 17 yrs. -lived in China 17 yrs. -wrote about China -wrote about China -encouraged other -encouraged other westerners to go westerners to go to China to China

6. III. The Ming Dynasty 1. Strengthen China (at first) a. Silk trade a. Silk trade -boost economy -boost economy b. expanded Capital Peking b. expanded Capital Peking 2. Decline of the Ming a. Isolationism a. Isolationism b. End trade b. End trade -loss of money -loss of money -raise taxes -raise taxes c. Peasant uprisings c. Peasant uprisings -loss of law and order -loss of law and order d. Ask Manchu Dynasty for help d. Ask Manchu Dynasty for help -Manchus attacked the Ming & took over -Manchus attacked the Ming & took over -started the Ch’ing Dynasty -started the Ch’ing Dynasty

7. IV. The Ch’ing Dynasty 1. Fear of Revolution a. All men wear braids a. All men wear braids -symbol of Ch’ing control -symbol of Ch’ing control 2. Emperor Ch’ien Lung a. Expand China a. Expand China -Korea, Mongolia, -Korea, Mongolia, Manchuria, Indochina Manchuria, Indochina & Tibet. & Tibet. -hard to feed & control -hard to feed & control -rigid class system -rigid class system -Revolution in -Revolution in 1911-1912 1911-1912 A young revolutionary shouts out "Awake quickly!! Awake quickly!! Let all you brothers rouse your spirits," and uses his writing brush to sweep the old regime from the face of the earth. Cartoon from the radical People's Sigh, May, 1909.