1. Africa! SOCIETY AND CULTURE

2. Early Africa 1000 different languages + 1000 different tribes What are some possible issues with having so many languages and so many tribes?

3. African Society - Basics  Towns and villages become larger  Served as centers of trade and government  Few cultures had written language  Very strong oral tradition – history through storytelling  Islamic or European traders recorded their history

4. Kings and Society  Kings had a much closer relationship with the people  Still held a high position among the people  More personal interest in the everyday people

5. Community and Education  Boys and girls raised by their mothers until age 6  Boys and girls were educated in the areas in which they would be involved.  Girls learn to be wives and mothers  Boys learn how to hunt and farm

6. African Masks  Part of a ceremonial costume  Used to represent the spirits of ancestors  Control the good and evil forces in the community.  They come to life possessed by their spirit in the performance of the dance with music  Instructional Video Instructional Video

7. Scarification  Right of passage  Beginning of early childhood  Child to Adult  Instructional Video Instructional Video

8. Ritual painting, Monrovia, Liberia The peoples of the Omo have developed different art forms that allow them great artistic expression. Such practices, including body painting, are among the most ornate and extravagant in the world. Clay lip plates are the most well-known feature of the Mursi women African Cultural Rituals

9. Mbube! Mbube! Lion! Lion!  Mbube Mbube uses one of the Zulu words for lion.  Pronounced "Mboo-bay Mboo-bay,"  In this game, individuals help a lion, or mbube, locate and capture an impala (a deer- like animal with antlers).  Players begin the game standing in a circle  Two blindfolded players start the game.  One player is the lion and the other one is the impala.  First, both players are spun around. Next, players in the circle begin calling out to the lion, "mbube, mbube!" As the impala gets closer to the lion, the circle players’ chants get quicker and louder. Conversely, if the lion is far away, the circle’s chants decrease and get softer.  If the lion fails to catch the impala in a minute, a new lion is chosen, and if the lion catches the impala, a new impala is chosen.

10. Ampe  The leader and another player jump up at the same time, clap, and thrust one foot forward when they jump up.  If the leader and the other player have the same foot forward the leader wins a point.  If they are different then the other player becomes "it" and plays against the remaining players.  If the players are in a circle, the leader moves along the inside of the circle, playing against others in turn.  If they are in a line, the leader moves on down the line.  If only two players are playing, they keep score until a certain number of points determines a winner  Instructional Video Instructional Video