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Past Reactor Experiments (Some Lessons From History)

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Presentation on theme: "Past Reactor Experiments (Some Lessons From History)"— Presentation transcript:

1 Past Reactor Experiments (Some Lessons From History)
Workshop on the feasibility study of the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment Jan , 2004 in IHEP, Beijing Past Reactor Experiments (Some Lessons From History) Stuart Freedman University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

2

3 Enrico Fermi

4 Inverse Beta Decay Cross Section and Spectrum

5 The first proposal for a neutrino experiment didn’t use a reactor

6 Poltergeist: the largest scintillator in the world

7 Neutrino Spectra from Principal Reactor Isotopes
235U fission

8 First Direct Detection of the Neutrino
m n n

9 Backgrounds!

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14

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16 Long Baseline Reactor Neutrino Experiments
KamLAND 20 m Chooz 4 m 1m Long Baseline Reactor Neutrino Experiments Poltergeist

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18 Correlated Backgrounds from External Neutrons
Palo Verde

19 Spallation Produced Radio-Isotopes in Liquid Scintillator
Emax (MeV) Background - 12B 0.02 s 13.4 Uncorrelated 11Be 13.80 s 11.5 11Li 0.09 s 20.8 Correlated 9Li 0.18 s 13.6 8Li 0.84 s 16.0 8He 0.12 s 10.6 6He 0.81 s 3.5 +, EC 11C 20.38 m 0.96 10C 19.30 s 1.9 9C 0.13 s 8B 0.77 s 13.7 7Be 53.3 d 0.48

20 Bugey

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22 Gosgen

23 Palo Verde 32 mwe 12 ton, Gd loaded, scintillating target
3 reactors: 11.6 GW Baselines 890 m and 750 m Expected rate of ~50 evts/day Palo Verde

24 Palo Verde

25 Chooz

26 Underground Vault for Chooz
• 5 ton, Gd loaded, scintillating target 300 mwe 2 reactors: 8.5 GWl Baselines 1115 m and 998 m Expected ~25 evts/day

27 CHOOZ

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29 Chooz

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32 KamLAND Kamioka Liquid-Scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector

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34 KamLAND Underground Laboratory

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36 from 12C(n, g ) tcap = 188 +/- 23 msec

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38 Systematic Uncertainties
% Total LS mass 2.1 Fiducial mass ratio 4.1 Energy threshold 2.1 Tagging efficiency 2.1 Live time Reactor power 2.0 Fuel composition 1.0 Time lag e spectra 2.5 Cross section 0.2 Total uncertainty 6.4 % E > 2.6 MeV

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40 Experimental Design Reactor Detector 1 Detector 2 d2 d1

41 Reactor q13 France Russia USA Japan China

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