1. Renaissance, Reformation, Age of Exploration, Enlightenment, Scientific Revolution, Revolutions and Rebellions, and Napoleon
Georgia High School Graduation Test Study Slides
Taken straight from the state-issued study booklet
(In other words, this is what the state wants you to know for the test!!!)
Created and Compiled by Angel Cleary
Grovetown High School

2. 1. God, Gold and Glory
astrolabe
cartography
Prince Henry the Navigator
Vasco Da Gama
Ferdinand Magellan
circumnavigate
Christopher Columbus
Samuel de Champlain
James Cook
Columbian Exchange
New World
Aztecs
Incas

3. Age of Exploration – write the answer and get a point
1. The phrase that defines the Age of Exploration – Goals:Spread Christianity, Get gold, Make country and king powerful
a device that shows date, time and direction by mapping the position of the sun and stars
Literally means “map making”
Founded a school for navigation; taught use of astrolabe, compass, and faster ships
First to round the Cape of Africa; established a colony in India for the Portuguese
First to circumnavigate the earth
To go around
Travelled to Cuba
Tried to find the “Northwest Passage” to China
Founded a penal colony in Australia for Great Britain
A circle of trade and exchange of ideas named after the first explorer to reach the Americas
What most exploreres called the new continents they found
Native American civilization located in modern-day Mexico
Native American civilization located in Modern-day peru

4. Age of Exploration A.D.
Time period during the Renaissance when Europeans began exploring the world
Began trying to find faster route to Asia and bypass the Muslim empires that were controlling the Silk Road land and water trade routes
Goals:
Spread Christianity (God)
Get gold (Gold)
Make country and king powerful (glory)
New inventions made exploration easier
Astrolabe, a device that shows date, time and direction by mapping the position of the sun and stars
Cartography – map-making becomes more accurate
Silk Road

5. Age of Exploration cont…
EXPLORERS TO KNOW
Portugal – first to explore world 1400s
Prince Henry the Navigator – 1420s -founded a school for exploration teaching use of astrolabe, sailing techniques, and new ships exploring West coast of Africa
Vasco Da Gama – 1498 first to sail around the horn of Africa and reach India by this route
Spain – becomes world power through exploration – 1500s
Christopher Columbus -1492– Italian, sailed for Spain; discovered “New World”; landed in Caribbean but thought he landed in India, so he called the people he met “Indians”
*The place he discovered became known as the “West Indies” (West India)
Ferdinand Magellan 1521– Portuguese; sailed for Spain; tried to find western water route to China; first to circumnavigate the world; died in the Philippines but his crew makes it back
France – early 1600s
Samuel de Champlain – 1608 – first to explore Great Lakes area; founded the colony of Quebec in what is modern-day Canada \
England – overtakes Spain as world power – 1700s
James Cook –1760s - explored the pacific Ocean; claimed Australia for Great Britain; later became a penal colony
R.I.P.
Here lies
Ferdinand
Magellan
a.k.a
“Almost There”
I still look good even with scurvy.
Go suck on a lemon.

6. Age of Exploration cont… From Middle East and Asian Countries
Or, a global transfer of goods and ideas from Americas, Europe and Africa
Columbian Exchange
From Europe
GUNS
HORSES
Citrus Fruits
Wheat
Oats
Cattle
Pig
Smallpox
Flu
Christianity
From New World
MAIZE
POTATO
Turkey
Tomato
Vanilla
Tobacco
Cocoa
Syphilis
From Middle East and Asian Countries
Coffee
Rice
Black Pepper
From Africa
SLAVES
Bananas
Malaria

7. Effects of Columbian Exchange
Most of the native Americans in South America died from the diseases brought over by the Europeans.
Most of those that didn’t were conquered, forced to become slaves or workers, and forced to convert to Christianity.

8. Review Questions The route depicted on this map was first travelled by
Ferdinand Magellan
Vasco da Gama
Erasmus
Christopher Columbus
Vasco da Gama explored for Portugal and was the first to round the horn of Africa

9. 2. A Spanish explorer learning Aztec languages, an Incan becoming Christian, a European eating new foods like potatoes, slaves being taken to the New World, and an Englishman marrying a Native American woman are all examples of
Slave trade
New inventions
Atlantic Trade
Columbian Exchange
The Columbian Exchange brought cultures all over the world in contact with each other’s customs, beliefs, and goods.

10. 3. He believed that India could be reached by sailing west and discovered what would be known as the Americas.
Vasco do Gama
Samuel de Champlain
Ferdinand Magellan
Christopher Columbus
Columbus discovered the “new world’ but thought he landed in India; thus that area of the Caribbean was called the “West Indies”

11. 4. The invention that had the greatest impact on exploration was the
Smaller ships
astrolabe
compass
Printing press

12. 5. If you were a native American living in the new world, you would probably feel ______ about/by the Columbian Exchange
Apathetic
Elated
Dismayed
Amused
The Columbian Exchange killed off most of the native Americans and those who survived were often taken as slaves

13. 6. Which country was the first to successfully embark on long range voyages during the age of exploration?
Portugal
France
Spain
England
Portuguese Prince Henry the Navigator started a school for navigation and successfully explored the West Coast of Africa

14. Prince Henry’s Sailors
Map Review:
Prince Henry’s Sailors
Vasco Da Gama
Ferdinand Magellan
Christopher Columbus
Samuel de Champlain
James Cook

15. Life Away from Home
Merchants travelled for months away from home – even years
Families were separated for years
Many men took a second wife and family in the New World but sent money home
Women, left behind, wrote to their husbands and took care of their children

16. Quiz
What caused European countries to begin exploring the world initially?
Very soon, however, exploration became about these 3 main goals. (describe them) 2. 3. 4.
What European country controlled the red area on the map to the right?
What man conquered the ancient Aztecs?
The Aztecs practiced human ___________ as a part of their religious beliefs.
What man conquered the ancient Incas?
The Incas had a ___________ system made of (10.) __________ that would rival the ancient (11.) __________ Empire.
In the Incan Empire, conquistadors discovered _________ mines, a precious metal which was not as valuable as gold, but still made the country of _________ very rich.
Define “conquistador.”
In which modern-day country were the Aztecs located?
In which modern-day country were the Incas located?
What religion (be specific) were the conquistadors?
Why is this ironic based on what we know about their actions in the new world?
In class we read excerpts, or segments, from The Devastation of the Indies. Explain at least 3 horrific acts the Europeans took against the Native American tribes.
18.
19.
20.
EXTRA CREDIT
Which country colonized the area to the right as indicated by the color purple?