1. 1 12/4/1435 h Lecture 2 Programs and Programming Languages

2. 2 Q:Mention the Categories of Software? 1. System software 2. Application software Q: What is A system software? They are programs that manage the computer hardware and the programs that run on them. Examples: operating systems, utility programs, software development tools

3. 3 Q: What is Application software? 1. They are programs that provide services to the user. Examples : word processing, games, programs to solve specific problems

4. 4. Q: Define a program? A program is a set of instructions that the computer follows to perform a task A program is a set of instructions that the computer follows to perform a task

5. 5 Q: What is a Program Made of ? Q :What are Common elements in programming languages ? : 1. Key Words 2. Programmer-Defined Identifiers 3. Operators 4. Punctuation 5. Syntax

6. 6 Q:Define The Followings 1. Key Words: Also known as reserved words Also known as reserved words Have a special meaning in C++. Have a special meaning in C++. Can not be used for any other purpose Can not be used for any other purpose

7. 7. Examples of key words are : Examples of key words are : using, namespace, int, double and return using, namespace, int, double and return

8. 8 Key Words

9. 9 2. The Programmer-Defined Identifiers Names made up by the programmer Names made up by the programmer Not part of the C++ language Not part of the C++ language Used to represent various things ex: variables (memory locations functions …... Used to represent various things ex: variables (memory locations functions …...

10. 10 3-Operators 1. Used to perform operations on data 2. Many types of operators:  Arithmetic - ex: +,-,*,/  Assignment – ex: =  Relational operators, = 3. Some operators are : >

11. 11 Operators

12. 12 4 –Punctuation 1. Characters that mark the end of a statement, or that separate items in a list Example :, and ;

13. 13 Punctuation

14. 14 5- Define Syntax 1. The rules that must be followed when writing a program 2. Controls the use of key words, operators, programmer-defined symbols, and punctuation