1. British relationships with America and Europe

2. quit

3. those sitting on the fence pro-Europeans back anti-Europeans (Eurosceptics)

4. For closer links because: 1.Britain needs to escape from its post-war mentality 2.Britain needs to look to the future3.negative attitudes stop progress and development 4.Britain could play a major role, influencing decision making 5.Britain is no longer a world power 6.there is a need to work with Europe and reduce American dominance 7.the EU creates stability 8.EU expansions will bring development opportunities 9.the ‘wait and see’ attitude results in missed opportunities 10.there is already a lot of cooperation11.people are familiar with Europe back

5. Against closer links because: 1.Britain has always been independent from Europe 2.there is a tradition of standing alone3.national pride 4.Britons do not want to be Europeans5.worried about the loss of control over internal affairs 7.there are natural ties with the US and the Commonwealth countries, through language for example 6.successful relationships exist with the US and the Commonwealth countries: why alter these allegiances? 8.trade links with the US and the Commonwealth countries are well established: why risk altering this? 10.Britain is stable and successfull without strong EU links 9.Europe has always caused Britain problems in the past 12.there is a fear of a European Union lead by Germany and France 11.there is a fear of a European superstate 13.Britain‘s business attitudes are different to European ones back

6. the special relationship: opinions and facts back

7. The special realtionship facts Britain thinks … criticisms of the relationship why the relationship? back

8. facts Churchill coined the phrase in 1946 America is an old friend and good ally there is trust and confidence between the two countries close ties developed during the Cold War Britain shared America‘s nuclear technology back

9. why the relationship? 1.working together is easier because of natural links: language, culture and history, for example 2.British investment in the USA and the USA‘s investment in Britain are both large 3.there‘s a lot of hidden interaction: intelligence, nuclear development and military, for example 4.personal friendships between leaders are often strong 5.in times of need they usually help each other 6.established trade links through NAFTA 7.business methods are similar back

10. Britain thinks … it can influence the USA by using the special relationship trying to influence America by working with it is better than criticising it from afar it is strategically important because it is the strongest military force in Europe because American needs to be in Europe it still has influence on it back

11. criticisms of the relationship Britain is only a US stepping stone into Europe the special relationship is more important to Britain than to the US America has little need of Britain why be friends with a superpower and not one‘s neighbours? back

12. the end © 2002 Stark Verlagsgesellschaft & Co. KG Author: Paul Jenkinson