1. Microbiology B.E Pruitt & Jane J. Stein AN INTRODUCTION EIGHTH EDITION TORTORA FUNKE CASE Chapter 9, part B Biotechnology and Recombinant DNA

2. Genetic Engineering: cloning a gene Figure 9.11.1

3. Genetic Engineering Figure 9.11.2

4. Making a Gene Product Figure 9.12.1

5. Making a Gene Product Figure 9.12.2

6. Used because it is easily grown and its genomics are known Need to eliminate endotoxin from products Cells must be lysed to get product E. coli

7. Making a Gene Product Figure 9.13

8. Subunit vaccines –Recombivac Hepatitis B Nonpathogenic viruses carrying genes for pathogen's antigens as vaccines Gene therapy to replace defective or missing genes Human Genome Project –Nucleotides have been sequenced –Human Proteome Project may provide diagnostics and treatments Therapeutic Applications

9. Random Shotgun Sequencing: Skip this Figure 9.14

10. Understanding of DNA Sequencing organisms' genomes DNA fingerprinting for identification Scientific Applications Figure 9.16

11. Southern Blotting Figure 9.15.1 To look for a gene or sequence

12. Southern Blotting Figure 9.15.2

13. Southern Blotting Figure 9.15.3

14. Agricultural Applications Table 9.2

15. Genetic Engineering Using Agrobacterium Figure 9.18

16. Avoid accidental release –Frankenfish and frankenfood (corn) Genetically modified crops must be safe for consumption and for the environment –Bt with new protein Who will have access to an individual's genetic information? –Patents - sell to poor countries for profit Safety Issues and Ethics