1. Geology and Election 2000 Steven I. Dutch Natural and Applied Sciences University of Wisconsin-Green Bay Green Bay, Wisconsin 54311-7001

3. High Black Population

4. Low White Population

5. Poverty

6. Election 1996

7. Election 1976

8. Election 1984

9. Election 1968

10. Election 1964

11. Patterns

12. Population Density

13. Cotton

14. Tenant Farming, 1992

15. Tenant Farming, 1910

16. Black Settlement

17. Cotton Production 1859

18. Cotton Production 1899

19. Cotton Ginned, 1913

20. Cotton Production 1921

21. Fertilizer

22. Components of the Arc Alabama-Mississippi: “Black Belt” of favorable soils and topography for cotton farming Georgia: “Fall Line,” Remained somewhat marginal as production shifted from Piedmont to Coastal Plain? South Carolina: Voting patterns anti-correlated to Cretaceous, correlated with lower Tertiary. Explanation?

23. Factors in Development of the Arc Pre-Civil War spread of agriculture and slavery Disruption by Civil War Realignment of agricultural patterns after boll weevil Black emigration Advent of fertilizers and shift of production from Piedmont to Coastal Plain.

24. Questions Why does black population linger along this feature? What is the connection in South Carolina?