1. The Thirteen Colonies

2.  Colonists came for religious freedom  Farming was difficult because of long, cold winters and rocky soil  Economy – subsistence farming, lumbering, shipbuilding, fishing, and trade

3.  Massachusetts ◦ Pilgrims – 1620 – landed at Plymouth ◦ Half died of malnutrition, disease, and cold

4.  Mayflower Compact – a document that provided law and order for the Pilgrims – self-government

5.  Puritans – wanted to purify the church – based on the rules of the Bible  Everyone attended church by law – society emphasized duty, godliness, hard work, and honesty

6.  Roger Williams chose to worship God in his own way  Created own colony based on freedom for everyone but slaves

7.  Thomas Hooker – left Massachusetts for more freedom  Fundamental Orders of Connecticut – first written plan of government

8.  Puritans settled the area

9.  Rich soil, wooded mountains, water  Colonists were many cultures and religions  Economy – cash crops, lumbering, and shipbuilding

10.  Taken from the Dutch by the Duke of York  Diverse group of colonists and religions

11.  Ethnic and religious diversity

12.  William Penn – founder, Quaker  Quakers – believed all men are created equal  Philadelphia – city of brotherly love

13.  Diverse religions and cultures

14.  Wealthy colonists created plantations – slaves  Hot, wet climate, rich soil, rivers, wetlands  Economy – cash crops – tobacco, rice, indigo

15.  Founded Catholics by Lord Baltimore  Religious freedom for all Christians  Act of toleration – law that granted freedom of religion

16.  Jamestown – 1607 – first successful English settlement  Tobacco  House of Burgesses – first representative gov’t  Slavery

17.  Wealthy owners  Slavery  Crops – indigo and rice

18.  James Oglethorpe  Safe place for debtors  Religious freedom – even for Jews  Buffer state against Spanish Florida