1. Ruminant Restraint and Basic Physical Examination

2. Question
Livestock husbandry practices are dictated by the intended use of the animal.
Even though all cattle have similar instincts, husbandry practices can have a significant effect on an animal’s behavior.
What are some of the basic behavioral differences of beef cattle and dairy cattle that affect the way that they are handled and restrained?

3. Beef Cattle
Before the feedlot, spend most of their time in open range or field settings.
Handled and restrained only occasionally: vaccination and deworming.
Suspicious of humans and enclosures, and are usually more difficult to segregate and restrain.
Beef bulls are not apt to be as mean and angry as dairy bulls, but they are far from gentle and should be handled carefully

4. Dairy cattle Temperament Dairy bulls should never by trusted Facility
nervous cow
the docile cow
the balker
the chronic kicker
Dairy bulls should never by trusted
Facility
dark barns are apt to be nervous.
Better in a well lighted, well ventilated one
sedative or anesthetic

5. Ferocious Bull

6. Dairy Cattle
Dairy cattle are handled more frequently and spend much less time in open settings.
Dairy cows are milked twice daily while lactating, and the lactation cycle lasts on average 8-10 months of the year.
Breeding is done by artificial insemination.
Calves are often reared in enclosures with frequent human contact.
In generaL, dairy cattle tend to be much easier to handle and restrain. (Caution on dairy bulls)

7. Most veterinarian procedures required two stages of animal handling:
The individual most be separate from the herd.
The individual must then be restrained appropriately for the procedure

8. Head restraint may be applied to cooperative animals, without use of a chute, but most individuals must be placed in a chute first.
"the part that draws goes under the jaws.“
Not for beef

9. Cattle halters are used to control the head by tying or securing the head to an immovable object with a rope attached to the halter
QUICK RELEASE

10. Restraints that divert attention
Tail restraint
Nose lead
IV injection
Udder surgery
Examine hoof
Restraint of the head

12. Nose leads are another method of head restrain
Nose leads are another method of head restrain. They apply blunt, pinching pressure to the nasal septum.
Nose tongs are not to be used as the only head restraint
Nasal septum may be torn with violent movement

13. Nose rings Placed through the nasal septum and are often used in bulls
Should not be used to tie the head for head restraint, it is only for additional control of the head but, as with nose leads, the nasal septum can be torn

14. Tail Restraint

15. The working chute is designed to hold one animal at the time

17. Nose lead

20. Hobbels/ Hoppels – No Kicking
Over common
calcaneal tendon
Just above the
hocks

21. Flank rope – No Kicking

22. Front Leg Hoppel PE or treatment
A rope with an eye in one end is used to form a loop around the pastern.
The other end of the rope passes over the withers where is should be held by an assistant so that it can be released quickly if the cow starts to go down.
ASSISTANT

23. Beam and Hook - HL
Other method

24. Casting – Rope Squeeze
Casting is a method of forcing an animal to the ground, usually with ropes
Prefer R lateral recumbency: discourages bloat

25. Casting – Burley Method
Advantages
Less time
No respiratory/ CVS pressure
No pressure in genitalia area
Dr. D. R. Burley of Georgia

26. Calf restraint
Separate the calf from mother first.

27. Calf restraint Do not throw the calf to the ground
Do not place the entire bodyweight on the calf and do not occlude the trachea

28. Video http://vetvideos.com/restraintcattle.htm

29. References