1. Organization of the process of cell division!
Cell Cycle and Mitosis
Organization of the process of cell division!

2. “Omnis cellula e cellula”
Rudolf Virchow
1855

3. Types of Cell Division Binary Fission Mitosis Meiosis
Prokaryotic Cell Division
Mitosis
Eukaryotic Cell Division
Meiosis
Production of sex cells

4. Do all cells divide? Cells that divide
Stem Cells
Glial cells in the brain
Skin cells
Cancer cells
Cells that don’t really divide (senescence)
Red Blood Cells
Neurons
Heart Cells

5. Why might a cell need to divide?
Embryonic Development
Repair Tissues
Cells have a max surface area to volume ratio
Asexual reproduction
Cancer

6. Cell Cycle in Eukaryotes

7. What is the meaning of mitosis?
Interphase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis

8. How is the genetic material organized

9. How does the cell change during the cell cycle?
Are the stages discreet or continuous?
What is important about metaphase?

10. How are changes in genetic material detected?
Changes in nuclear material first detected by dark stain of the nuclear material = “Chromo”
Advances in light microscopy show role of centrosomes, spindle fibers, kinetochores

11. Phases of mitosis See pg 232
Note activity of chromosomes, envelope, spindle during each stage
Chromosome “walking”
Review: Biovisions video

12. What tells a cell to divide?
External Controls
Growth Factors
Internal Controls
Cyclins
CDK

13. What proteins control cell growth internally?
CDK: always present in cells
Cyclin: level varies throughout the cell cycle
MPF: “mitosis promoting factor” --occurs when cyclin binds to CDK.

14. How does cyclin’s structure allow for its function of promoting mitosis?

15. Cancer Cancer is when the cell cycle goes wrong.
What might happen to cause a cell cycle to wreak havoc?