1. 1 The Role of the Permanent Committee on GIS Infrastructure for Asia and the Pacific: Positioning Nations of Asia and the Pacific for regional and Global development Prof. Yang Kai, President of PCGIAP Session 2: SDI for Improved Decision-Making: the View from the world regions, GSDI5 Conference, Cartagena, Columbia, 21-24 May 2001.

2. 2 What is the PCGIAP ? Why do we need PCGIAP for contributing to the region ? Highlights of PCGIAP Activities; Policy issues related to the development of SDI. Contents

3. 3 What is the PCGIAP ?

4. 4 PCGIAP was formed in July 1995 following a recommendation (resolution 16) from the United Nations Regional Cartographic Conference for Asia and the Pacific in May 1994 at Beijing. Membership of the Committee consists of the directorates of the national survey and mapping organizations and equivalent national agencies of the nations from Asia and the Pacific. Draft statutes were developed at a meeting of the Executive Board in Kuala Lumpur in May 1996 and endorsed at the 2nd PCGIAP Meeting in Sydney in October 1996. History

5. 5 1. Afghanistan16. Hong Kong, China 2. American Samoa 17. India 3. Armenia 18. Indonesia 4. Australia19. I.R. of Iran 5. Azerbaijan20. Japan 6. Bangladesh 21. Kazakhstan 7. Bhutan 22. Kiribati 8. Brunei Darussalam23. Korea North (Democratic People’s 9. Burma Republic) 10. Cambodia24. Korea South (Republic of) 11. China(People’s Republic)25. Kyrgystan 12. Cook Islands26. Laos 13. Fiji27. Macao,China 14. French Polynesia28. Malaysia 15. Guam29. Maldives Member Nations (1)

6. 6 30. Marshall Islands 43. Russian Federation 31. Micronesia 44. Samoa 32. Mongolia45. Singapore 33. Nauru46. Solomon Islands 34. Nepal47. Sri Lanka 35. New Caledonia48. Tajikistan 36. New Zealand49. Thailand 37. Niue50. Tonga 38. Northern Marinas51. Turkmenistan 39. Pakistan52. Tuvalu 40. Palau53. Uzbekistan 41. Papua New Guinea54. Vanuatu 42. Philippines55. Vietnam Member Nations (2)

7. 7 the 2nd Meeting in Sydney, October 1996; the 3rd Meeting in Bangkok, in February 1997; affiliated to the 14th UNRCC-AP; the 4th Meeting in Tehran, March 1998; the 5th Meeting in Beijing,April 1999; the 6th Meeting in Kuala Lumpur,April 2000; affiliated to the 15th UNRCC-AP; the 7th Meeting in Tsukuba, April 2001 ; History - PCGIAP Meetings

8. 8 “To maximize the economic, social and environmental benefits of geographic information in accordance with Agenda 21 by providing a forum for nations from Asia and the Pacific to: cooperate in the development of a regional geographic information or spatial data infrastructure. contribute to the development of the global geographic information infrastructure. share experiences and consult on matters of common interest.” Aims

9. 9 The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro, 1992, took steps to reverse environmental deterioration and establish the basis of a sustainable way of life into the next century. Agenda 21 sets out measure for, among other things, protecting the atmosphere, combating deforestation, preventing pollution, halting the depletion of fish stocks, and safely managing toxic wastes. The Rio Conference acknowledged that the availability of geographic information is critical for environmental decision making. The special session of United Nations General Assembly to Review and Appraise the Implementation of Agenda 21, reaffirmed the importance of spatial data for sustainable global development. Agenda 21

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11. 11 Executives (April 2000~)

12. 12 At the 4th & 6th PCGIAP meetings, the former working groups were reviewed and 4 new operational groups were formed as follows: WORKING GROUP 1: Regional Geodesy –Responsible for the implementation of a regional, precise geodetic network and enhancement of a regional geodetic infrastructure. WORKING GROUP 2: Fundamental Data –Responsible for establishing regional fundamental datasets; mechanisms for sharing these data and fostering an understanding of the benefits in using regional fundamental data. Working Groups (1)

13. 13 WORKING GROUP 3: Cadastre –This new WG aims to facilitate discussion on marine cadastre; undertake a study of land administration issues and facilitate a workshop analysing the status of cadastre & land administration in member countries. WORKING GROUP 4: Institutional Strengthening –Taken over and broadened the role of the former Taskforce on Development Needs. –Responsible for articulation of member’s GIS related development needs; creation, publication & maintenance of an education & training database; sub- regional programmes. Working Groups (2)

14. 14 How PCGIAP contribute to the region ?

15. 15 There are many requests for quick response to natural disasters, industrial accidents, and environmental crises. Most of the information needed to make sound decisions in such cases is based on geography. To make these decisions faster and more wisely at lower cost is highly desirable. Accurate and current geo-spatial data are critical to these requests. We Need Geo-spatial Data !

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18. 18 Data already exist, but they are hard to find, frequently undocumented, and in incompatible formats. Geo-spatial Data should be well Managed. Geo-spatial Data should be well Managed !

19. 19 The major road and telecommunications networks, and basic health and education facilities, have been funded by governments to provide a common, consistent infrastructure upon which a variety of government, private sector and community activities can take place. The PCGIAP views geographic (or spatial) data as an infrastructure, with the same rationale and characteristics as roads, communications and other infrastructure in economic construction. The PCGIAP believes that a spatial data infrastructure is needed to support the region’s economic growth, and its social and environmental objectives, backed by standards, policies and exchange network on easy access to those data. Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) is needed

20. 20 Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) 1)Data Exchange Network u The fundamental geographical information systems (composed of software, hardware and spatial database systems) which are served as network nods; u The digital spatial data communication network; 2)Fundamental Datasets u Space positioning control, Topography, Cadastral survey ; u Aero-space remote sensing imageries, Land use and land cover, u Other physical and human data relative to spatial positions.

21. 21 Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) 3)legislation & Standardization u Regulations and policies for data sharing and administration; u Standards of geographical information technology; 4)Institutional Framework u The authoritative organization for coordination on building and utilizing of a SDI; u key organizations responsible for acquisition and processing of fundamental data ; u key organizations responsible for the maintenance, updating and distribution of available geo-spatial data and geographical information.

22. 22 The region’s economic development and social and environmental well-being are heavily dependent upon the proper use of land and water resources; the “proper use” can only be realized if good, consistent spatial data are available. The PCGIAP believes that the region can benefit from better management of its spatial data by taking a perspective that starts from the national level and works up to the regional level. The Asia-Pacific SDI is needed !

23. Relations between SDI s Global SDI Regional SDI National SDI EUROGI PCGIAP ISCGM ISO Standardization Agenda 21 & DE PCIDEA

24. 24 The consistent, reliable means to share geo- spatial data among all users could result in significant savings for data collection, enhanced use of data, and better decision making. The increased ability to share data through common standards and network will serve as a stimulus for growth. we can benefit from working together !

25. 25 Highlights of PCGIAP Activities

26. 26 Publication: A Spatial Data Infrastructure for the Asia and the Pacific Region (1998) Policy on Sharing Fundamental Data & Draft Guidelines on Custodianship (1999-2000) Successful regional geodetic observation campaigns to expand number of key geodetic sites in the region using GPS etc. (Ongoing) Pilot project on administrative boundary data (Ongoing) Development needs questionnaire & analysis led to formation of WG4 in 2000 For details, visit http://www.pcgiap.org/ Highlights of PCGIAP Activities

27. 27 Policy issues related to the development of SDI 1, On fundamental data updating 2, On geographic information sharing 3,On GIS software industrialization

28. On geographic information sharing 1, Importance: Data common sharing is always a sensitive issue and a key element for the construction and efficient use of the national, regional and even global SDI. 2, Influencing facts: F the declassifying policy; F the standardization level; F the data transmission technology; F the benefit balance between the owner and user;

29. 29 On geographic information sharing 3,Contents should be dealt with in some information sharing regulations: a) Defining the rights as well as duties of related departments or organs for maintaining, providing and accessing geo-spatial data sets; b) Making up principles for identifying the property right of geo-spatial data and related information; c) Establishing mechanisms for getting investment and cost compensation for fundamental data acquisition and providing; d) Making up policies for release of classified data and information, etc.

30. 30 On geographic information sharing 4, The Administrative Regulations on Licenses for Using National Fundamental Geographic Data, formulated and promulgated by SBSM, in which the data users are divided into three categories: F A) Central government agencies and provincial governments may get the national fundamental geographic data free of charge for purposes of macro decision making and social welfare;

31. 31 On geographic information sharing B) Non-commercial organizations or individuals may get the data with favorite prices for internal or individual uses in education, academic research, planning and management, or for them to provide academic results to central or locall governments for macro decision making and social welfare; C) Commercial users or non-commercial organization using the data for commercial purposes and profits or construction engineering projects may get the data at market prices.

32. 32 Conclusion The Permanent Committee on GIS Infrastructure for Asia and the Pacific (PCGIAP), a regional forum of national mapping organizations (NMO) in the region, promotes communication, cooperation, coordination, and collaboration among NMOs in order to support Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) development at national, regional and global levels.