1. Introduction to the Human Body Introduction to the Human Body: The Skeletal System

2. Introduction to the Human Body What are all living things made of?  All living things are made of CELLS! (You have billions of cells inside you.)  These cells have specialized jobs, and are organized in your body. For example, these red blood cells are specially designed to carry oxygen around your body in your blood.

3. Introduction to the Human Body How are the cells organized?  Complex living things are organized into 5 levels.  CELLS are the smallest unit. They carry on the processes that keep us alive. Examples: Red Blood Cells, Muscle Cells, Skin Cells CELLS TISSUES ORGANS ORGAN SYSTEM ORGANISM (BODY)

4. Introduction to the Human Body Cells are organized into TISSUES!  A TISSUE is a group of similar cells that all do the same thing (they have the same function). Examples: Muscle Tissue (Muscles) Nervous Tissue (Nerves) Connective Tissue (Bones) CELLS TISSUES

5. Introduction to the Human Body Tissues are organized into ORGANS!  An ORGAN is a structure made of different tissues. The organ does a specific (complex) job. Examples: Heart Stomach Brain Lungs CELLS TISSUES ORGANS

6. Introduction to the Human Body Organs are organized into ORGAN SYSTEMS!  An ORGAN SYSTEM is a group of organs that work together to perform a major job. Examples: Circulatory System Digestive System Skeletal System CELLS TISSUES ORGANS ORGAN SYSTEM

7. Introduction to the Human Body

8. Organ Systems are organized into ORGANISMS!  An ORGANISM is a living thing, with organ systems that work together to keep a body alive. Examples: Human Beings CELLS TISSUES ORGANS ORGAN SYSTEM ORGANISM (BODY)

9. Introduction to the Human Body What is HOMEOSTASIS?  HOMEOSTASIS is the process by which YOUR BODY maintains an INTERNAL BALANCE.  It keeps your body STABLE in spite of changes OUTSIDE YOUR BODY.  Example: Your body maintains A CONSTANT TEMPERATURE no matter what the outside temperature.

10. Introduction to the Human Body How does your body maintain HOMEOSTASIS?  When you are TOO HOT, your body SWEATS to keep you cool. When you are TOO COLD, your body SHIVERS to keep you warm.

11. Introduction to the Human Body What is a SKELETON?  All the BONES in your BODY.  Adults have about 206 bones. - The Skeletal System

12. Introduction to the Human Body What are the main FUNCTIONS of a skeleton? 1) It provides SHAPE & SUPPORT. 2) It lets you MOVE. 3) It PROTECTS your ORGANS. 4)It produces BLOOD CELLS. 5)It STORES STUFF until your body needs it. - The Skeletal System

13. Introduction to the Human Body What is a JOINT? Why are they important?  A JOINT is a place in the body where TWO BONES COME TOGETHER.  JOINTS ALLOW BONES TO MOVE in different ways. - The Skeletal System

14. Introduction to the Human Body What are the different TYPES of JOINTS? 1) HINGE JOINT allows back-and- forth movement (like the hinge on a door).  Examples: Knee, Elbow - The Skeletal System

15. Introduction to the Human Body What are the different TYPES of JOINTS? 2) BALL-AND-SOCKET JOINT allows wide-range of motion. One bone with rounded end fits into a “cup-like” shape on another bone.  Examples: Shoulder, Hip - The Skeletal System

16. Introduction to the Human Body What are the different TYPES of JOINTS? 3) PIVOT JOINT allows one bone to rotate around another.  Examples: Neck (can turn your head from side-to-side.) Forearm (can twist side-to-side). - The Skeletal System

17. Introduction to the Human Body What are the different TYPES of JOINTS? 4) GLIDING JOINT allows one bone to slide over another.  Examples: Wrists and Ankles let you bend, flex. - The Skeletal System

18. Introduction to the Human Body Are bones ALIVE?  YES! Your bones are complex LIVING STRUCTURES that GROW AND DEVELOP.  They have CELLS & TISSUES (blood and nerves). - The Skeletal System

19. Introduction to the Human Body Are bones ALIVE?  Bones are structured to be LIGHT and STRONG!  Because they are alive, they can MEND, if you BREAK ONE! - The Skeletal System