1. 1913-1921

2. Background  Born in 1856 in Virginia  Scotch-Irish family  Father was a Presbyterian Minister  Unable to read until 10  Princeton/ UVA/ Johns Hopkins

5. Influences  1) Confederacy Limited gov’t Self-Determination  2) Calvinism Divine Mission/ Divine Accountability  3) Reconstruction  Weakness/ Corruption of Congress  4) University Rule by Intelligence

6. Pre-Presidecny  College Professor  President of Princeton (1902-1911)  Gov. of NJ (1911-1913) Introduced progressive reforms ○ State Primaries ○ Workmen’s Comp. ○ Public Utility Commission

7. Election of 1912  Conservative/Progressive  Minority President- 41% of Popular Vote

9. Triple Wall of Privilege  Tariffs  Banks  Trusts

10. Tariff  Underwood Tariff Bill 1913 1 st Pres. since Jefferson to summon Congress 40%- 25% Income Tax of 1%

11. Bank  Federal Reserve Act of 1913 Sen. Aldrich (R) 12 Regional Banks Board of Governors

14. Trusts  Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914 Gov’t Consumer Protection Group  Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 Strengthened Sherman Act Exempted Union

15. Progressivism  Federal Farm Loans Act of 1916 Farms and Small businesses could borrow 50% of value of land  Warehouse Act of 1916 Crops as collateral for loans  La Follette Seamen’s Act of 1915 US work laws apply to US ships RMS Titanic  Workmen’s Compensation Act of 1916  Adamson Act of 1916 8 Hour work day for RR  Keating Owen Act of 1916 Child labor goods can not be sold over state lines

16. Supreme Court  Lochner Court Hammer v Dagenhart (1918)- No to Keating Owens Act  Louis Brandeis

17. Wilson Un-idealistic Views  Blacks Segregated Washington Fired black gov’t workers  Immigrants Favored immigrants… if they became Americans

18.  “Any man who carries a hyphen about with him carries a dagger that he is ready to plunge into the vitals of this Republic whenever he gets ready”

19. Wilson’s Foreign Policy  1914 Panama Canal Toll Act repealed  1916 Jones Act Terr. Status to the Phil.  1915 Marines sent to Haiti/ DR/ Nic.  1917 US purchases Danish Virgin Is.

20. Wilson and Mexico  1910-1920 Civil War  US companies controlled 45% of ind.  1914 Tampico Affair  US occupies Veracruz

22.  1917 Pancho Villa attacks Columbus NM  Gen. John “Blackjack” Pershing sent after him