1. Chapter 8: Introduction to Child Restraints

2. 8-2National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) Chapter Objectives List the types of child restraints (CRs) Identify how to select appropriate CRs Identify CRs parts and functions Discuss care of CRs Review the importance of not modifying CRs

3. 8-3National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) Before You Can Help, You Need to Know… Child’s weight, height, and age ▪Physical, developmental, and behavioral considerations ▪Type of CRS ▪Type of vehicle ▪Who else will ride in this vehicle? It is important to have all the correct information!

4. 8-4National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) Types of Child Restraints Infant only Convertible (rear facing, forward facing) Forward facing only with harness/Combination FF Booster (belt positioning) Special needs seats Vehicle seat belts Integrated seats

5. 8-5National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) CRs Offer Protection in Five Ways 1.Keep the child in the vehicle 2.Contact the strongest parts of the body 3.Spread the crash forces over a wide area of the body 4.Help the body to slow down 5.Protect the head, neck, and spinal cord

6. 8-6National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) NHTSA’s Four Steps

7. 8-7National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) Buckle for Life Everyone must buckle up, every time, on every trip! Buckling up must become a lifelong habit

8. 8-8National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) Remember Four Important Steps Selection Direction Location Installation

9. 8-9National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) What is the “Best” Child Restraint? The one that fits your child The one that fits your vehicle The one that you will use correctly every time

10. 8-10National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) What is the “Best” Child Restraint? Correct for child’s ▪Age ▪Size ▪Physical development ▪Maturity level Fits in your vehicle Easy to use Comfortable for child Meets FMVSS 213 Instructions available Recall status known

11. 8-11National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) CR Parts & Functions Registration Card

12. 8-12National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) CR Parts and Functions T-Shield Tray Shield

13. 8-13National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) CR Parts and Functions Padding/cover Shell/frame (behind cover) Labels Harness slots Harness straps Retainer clip Buckle

14. 8-14National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) CR Parts and Functions Splitter plate Belt path Recline adjustment

15. 8-15National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) CR Parts & Functions Lockoffs

16. 8-16National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) CR Parts and Functions Locking clip

17. 8-17National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) CR Parts and Functions LATCH ▪Tether ▪Lower anchorage attachments

18. 8-18National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) CR Parts and Functions Detachable base Adjustment foot Level indicator

19. 8-19National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) CR Parts and Functions Carry handle Manufacturer supplied padding and inserts

20. 8-20National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) CR Parts and Functions Foot prop Anti-rebound bar

21. 8-21National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) Modifying Restraints Never change a CR to make it fit Minor modifications can change the way a CR performs in a crash Place rolled receiving blankets/towels along the child’s side for support Place rolled cloth between the crotch strap and crotch area to prevent child slouching

22. 8-22National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) Activity 1: Use the CR Manual Hands On Use the CR manual Complete the worksheet

23. 8-23National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) Used Seats: Things to Consider  Complete history available  All labels and instructions present  Meets Federal standards  No recalls/recalls fixed (make, model & date)  All parts present and in working order  Free of cracks, loose rivets, etc  No more than 6 years old—may vary by manufacturer  Responsibility of caregiver, not technician, to research

24. 8-24National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) After a Crash CRs, seat belts, and air bags are in most cases, made to withstand one crash CR replacement is not always required: ▪Review NHTSA criteria for assessing crash severity and CR replacement ▪Check with CR manufacturer for guidelines to replace the product

25. 8-25National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) NHTSA Criteria: What is a Minor Crash Not Requiring CR Replacement? No cracks or deformities (dented or bulging surfaces) can be seen by looking at the CR Vehicle with CR installed can be driven from the scene Vehicle door nearest CR is undamaged There were no occupant injuries Air bags did not open

26. 8-26National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) CRS Cleaning and Maintenance Always follow the CRS manufacturer’s instructions Use only mild soap and water and rinse with clean water Never use any chemicals such as starch, bleach, or spray-on fabric care/wrinkle guard products Never iron the harness Never lubricate the buckle

27. 8-27National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) Think about how you would answer these questions: Can I use my car seat after a crash? I bought this seat at a garage sale. Is it safe to use? I don’t know why my kids have to ride on car seats. Why should they use them? Can I use this head padding? It came with the seat. I have toys on the carrying handle. Are they OK to use? My child has autism. Can I put tape over the retainer clip so he doesn’t get out?

28. 8-28National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010) Chapter Review How do child restraints offer protection? What are the types of child restraints? How do you select an appropriate CR for a child? What is the best child restraint? When is it OK to modify a CR?