Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Mélanie Leroux Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Responses to Xenobiotics Supervisor: Dr. Karine Andréau 2 nd European Doctoral College on Environment.

Published byMorris Blake Lindsey Modified over 9 years ago

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "Mélanie Leroux Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Responses to Xenobiotics Supervisor: Dr. Karine Andréau 2 nd European Doctoral College on Environment."— Presentation transcript:

1 Mélanie Leroux Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Responses to Xenobiotics Supervisor: Dr. Karine Andréau 2 nd European Doctoral College on Environment and Health

2 Composition (PM 2.5 ) : Organic compounds Biological compounds Metals Carbon Core Coarse particles (PM 10 ) 10 - 2,5µm Coarse particles (PM 10 ) 10 - 2,5µm Fine particles (PM 2.5 ) 2,5 - 0,1µm Fine particles (PM 2.5 ) 2,5 - 0,1µm Ultrafine particles (PM 0.1 ) ≤ 0,1µm Ultrafine particles (PM 0.1 ) ≤ 0,1µm Health effects of atmospheric particles

3 Composition (PM 2.5 ) : Organic compounds Biological compounds Metals Carbon Core Coarse particles (PM 10 ) 10 - 2,5µm Coarse particles (PM 10 ) 10 - 2,5µm Fine particles (PM 2.5 ) 2,5 - 0,1µm Fine particles (PM 2.5 ) 2,5 - 0,1µm Ultrafine particles (PM 0.1 ) ≤ 0,1µm Ultrafine particles (PM 0.1 ) ≤ 0,1µm o ↗ Cardiorespiratory morbidity and mortality o Oxidative stress o Genotoxicity o Inflammatory response o Modulation of apoptosis o Lung cancers o ↗ Chronic respiratory diseases : asthma, COPD (Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)… o Accumulation of PM in the bronchial wall and airway remodeling Health effects of atmospheric particles

4 1  [PM] ≥ 100µg/cm² only found in high pollution periods 2  Cancer cells = resistance to cell death Atmospheric particles Lung cancer Epidemiologic studies Previous in vitro studies  PM 2.5 induce cell death (apoptosis)

5 Human Bronchial Epithelial cells (16HBE) 1- INDUCTION of APOPTOSIS ? Urban PM 2.5 (10 µg/cm²) 2- REDUCTION of APOPTOSIS ? Aim of our study 10µg/cm²= 5 days exposure to atmospheric pollution (79µg/m 3 ) 3- PM 2.5 COMPOUNDS INVOLVED? 24H

6 Particles Urban PM 2.5 Location of sampling Main sources identified Traffic Paris ring road (2003) Car traffic Background Parisian suburb (2003) Urban background pollution Wood burning Paris (Winter 2009) Wood-fired heating Mix Ouagadougou (Burkina-Faso 2009) Wood-fired cooking, Moped traffic

7 Methology: apoptosis measurement by flow cytometry Urban PM 2.5 particles are they toxic in human bronchial epithelial cells ? 1.  Membrane permeabilization  Membrane bleebing  MMP  Condensation of the chromatin  Fragmentation of DNA and nucleus  Modification of the cellular granularity  Reduction of the cell size Apoptosis  Oxydative stress

8 Methology: apoptosis measurement by flow cytometry Urban PM 2.5 particles are they toxic in human bronchial epithelial cells ? 1.  Membrane permeabilization  Membrane bleebing  MMP  Condensation of the chromatin  Fragmentation of DNA and nucleus  Modification of the cellular granularity  Reduction of the cell size Apoptosis  Oxydative stress Propidium Iodide (PI) Hydro Etydium (HE) DiOC6(3)

9 1.Urban PM 2.5 particles are they toxic in human bronchial epithelial cells ? Questions Human Bronchial Epithelial cells (16HBE) INDUCTION INDUCTION of APOPTOSIS ? Urban PM 2.5 (10 µg/cm²) 24 H

10 Urban PM 2.5 particles are they toxic in human bronchial epithelial cells ? 1. * p< 0.001 vs Control n=3 Traffic Wood Burning Mix Control (Medium) Background 10 µg/cm²  Urban PM 2.5 do not induce apoptosis in 16HBE cells

11 1.Urban PM 2.5 particles are they toxic in human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) ? Questions Urban PM 2.5 (10 µg/cm²) do not induce apoptosis of human bronchial epithelial cells Urban PM 2.5 (10 µg/cm²) do not induce apoptosis of human bronchial epithelial cells

12 1.Urban PM 2.5 particles are they toxic in human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE)? Questions Urban PM2.5 (10 µg/cm²) do not induce apoptosis of human bronchial epithelial cells Urban PM2.5 (10 µg/cm²) do not induce apoptosis of human bronchial epithelial cells 2.Urban PM 2.5 particles have they an antiapoptotic effect in 16HBE cells ? INITIATION PROMOTIONAPOPTOSISRESISTANCE DNA adducts Cancer cell Tumor formation : Initiated cell

13 Urban PM 2.5 particles have they an antiapoptotic effect in 16HBE cells ? 2. Apoptosis inducer: A23 (Calcium ionophore) ↗ CALCIUM Methology: PM 2.5 exposure before induction of apoptosis 20 H 16HBE Particles (10µg/cm²) 4 H v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v Flow Cytometry Apoptosis induction by A23

14 Urban PM 2.5 particles have they an antiapoptotic effect in 16HBE cells ? 2.  Traffic PM2.5 have an antiapoptotic effect towards A23-induced apoptosis p< 0.001 vs Control n=3 * Traffic 10µg/cm² Background 10µg/cm² Wood burning 10µg/cm² Mix 10µg/cm² + A23 Control (Medium) * A23-induced apoptosis (%)

15 1.Urban PM 2.5 particles are they toxic in human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) ? Questions Urban PM 2.5 (10 µg/cm²) do not induce apoptosis of human bronchial epithelial cells Urban PM 2.5 (10 µg/cm²) do not induce apoptosis of human bronchial epithelial cells 2.Urban PM 2.5 particles have they an antiapoptotic effect in 16HBE cells ? YES : Only Traffic PM 2.5

16 1.Urban PM 2.5 particles are they toxic in human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) ? Questions Urban PM 2.5 (10 µg/cm²) do not induce apoptosis of human bronchial epithelial cells Urban PM 2.5 (10 µg/cm²) do not induce apoptosis of human bronchial epithelial cells 2.Urban PM 2.5 particles have they an antiapoptotic effect in 16HBE cells ? YES : Only Traffic PM 2.5  Possible link with calcium 3.Which Traffic PM 2.5 components are involved in the antiapoptotic effect ?

17 ↗ CALCIUM Organic compounds (PAH) Water-soluble Components (metals) Composition (PM 2.5 ) : Organic compounds Biological compounds Metals Carbon Core Which Traffic PM 2.5 components are involved in the antiapoptotic effect ? 3. Apoptosis inducer: A23 (Calcium ionophore) desorbtion

18 Control Tr affic Org. Ex. Aq. Ex. Washed * 0 20 40 60 BC + A23 p<0.001 vs control n=3 Ferecatu et al. Particle and Fibre Toxicology 2010,7:18  Organic and Aqueous components contribute to the antiapoptotic effect of Traffic PM2.5 Which Traffic PM 2.5 components are involved in the antiapoptotic effect ? 3. * * * * A23-induced apoptosis (%) Composition (PM 2.5 ) : Organic compounds Biological compounds Metals Carbon Core

19 Ferecatu et al. Particle and Fibre Toxicology 2010,7:18 Which Traffic PM 2.5 components are involved in the antiapoptotic effect ? 3. a) Organic compounds : PAH ↗ CALCIUM Organic compounds PAH Apoptosis inducer: A23 (Calcium ionophore)

20 Ferecatu et al. Particle and Fibre Toxicology 2010,7:18  Heavy PAHs partially contribute to the antiapoptotic effect of Traffic PM 2.5 via the AhR Which Traffic PM 2.5 components are involved in the antiapoptotic effect ? 3. a) Organic compounds : PAH * * * * p< 0.05 vs Medium n=3 A23-induced apoptosis (%) Medium

21 Which Traffic PM 2.5 components are involved in the antiapoptotic effect ? 3. b) Aqueous compounds : Metals Metals (mg/g) : FerAluminiumCuivre Antiapoptotic effect Traffic 13,23,4 0,86YES Background 21,6 20,4 0,40 NO

22 Which Traffic PM 2.5 components are involved in the antiapoptotic effect ? 3. b) Aqueous compounds : Metals p< 0.05 vs Control n=6 * * * * * * Control (Medium) PM2.5 Fe2+ Fe3+ Al3+Cu2+ qs 10 µg/cm² % apoptosis induction (DiOC6(3) low HE high) + A23 Metals (mg/g) : FerAluminiumCuivre Antiapoptotic effect Traffic 13,23,4 0,86YES Background 21,6 20,4 0,40 NO

23 Which Traffic PM 2.5 components are involved in the antiapoptotic effect ? 3. b) Aqueous compounds : Metals p< 0.05 vs Control n=6 * * * * * * Control (Medium) PM2.5 Fe2+ Fe3+ Al3+Cu2+ qs 10 µg/cm² % apoptosis induction (DiOC6(3) low HE high) + A23  The content of transition metals in particles is involved in the antiapoptotic effect

24 1.Urban PM 2.5 particles are they toxic in human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) ? Urban PM2.5 (10 µg/cm²) do not induce apoptosis of human bronchial epithelial cells Urban PM2.5 (10 µg/cm²) do not induce apoptosis of human bronchial epithelial cells 2.Urban PM 2.5 particles have they an antiapoptotic effect in 16HBE cells ? YES : Only Traffic PM 2.5  Possible link with calcium 3.Which Traffic PM 2.5 components are involved in the antiapoptotic effect ?   Heavy PAHs via AhR   Metals (Fe, Al, Cu)   Heavy PAHs via AhR   Metals (Fe, Al, Cu)

25 1.Role of oxydative stress triggered by metals ? 2.Effect of metals on intracellular calcium ? 3.Role of mitochondria ? 4.Role of Caspases and Calpains ? Ferecatu et al. Particle and Fibre Toxicology 2010,7:18

26 Nicole Boggetto Ioana Ferecatu Aïda Bouharrour Emile Petit Armelle Baeza Karine Andreau Francelyne Marano Jean-Marie Dupret Ioana Ferecatu Aïda Bouharrour Emile Petit Armelle Baeza Karine Andreau Francelyne Marano Jean-Marie Dupret

27 Ioana Ferecatu Aïda Bouharrour Emile Petit Armelle Baeza Karine Andreau Francelyne Marano Jean-Marie Dupret Ioana Ferecatu Aïda Bouharrour Emile Petit Armelle Baeza Karine Andreau Francelyne Marano Jean-Marie Dupret Nicole Boggetto

28

29 BbF : Benzo[b]fluoranthrene iP : Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene BghiP : Benzo[g,h,i]perylene DBahA : Dibenzo[a,h]anthracene BaP: Benzo[a]pyrene

Download ppt "Mélanie Leroux Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Responses to Xenobiotics Supervisor: Dr. Karine Andréau 2 nd European Doctoral College on Environment."

Similar presentations

Fine Particle Air Pollution in the Keene Area. Overview Air pollution monitoring Keenes valley topography Fine particle pollution – wood smoke Impacts.

Fine Particle Air Pollution in the Keene Area. Overview Air pollution monitoring Keenes valley topography Fine particle pollution – wood smoke Impacts.
Dosimetry in Risk Assessment and a bit More Mel Andersen McKim Conference QSAR and Aquatic Toxicology & Risk Assessment June 27-29, 2006.

Dosimetry in Risk Assessment and a bit More Mel Andersen McKim Conference QSAR and Aquatic Toxicology & Risk Assessment June 27-29, 2006.
The Health Effects of Particulate Matter From the 9/11 WTC Attacks

The Health Effects of Particulate Matter From the 9/11 WTC Attacks
The toxicology of NMP (What adverse effects might we expect from exposure to NMP) Professor Ken Donaldson ELEGI Colt Laboratory.

The toxicology of NMP (What adverse effects might we expect from exposure to NMP) Professor Ken Donaldson ELEGI Colt Laboratory.
PARTICLE EMISSIONS FROM TYRE AND BRAKE WEAR ON-GOING LITERATURE REVIEW Sustainable Transport Unit Institute for Energy and Transport Joint Research Centre.

PARTICLE EMISSIONS FROM TYRE AND BRAKE WEAR ON-GOING LITERATURE REVIEW Sustainable Transport Unit Institute for Energy and Transport Joint Research Centre.
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE Major Killer disease in the world Chronic progressive disease of the lung caused by inhalation of toxic substances.

CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE Major Killer disease in the world Chronic progressive disease of the lung caused by inhalation of toxic substances.
Comparison of the Biological Effects of Sudbury Particulate Matter (SPaM) with Other Particulate Types: Acute and Chronic Studies Sarah M. White Stacey.

Comparison of the Biological Effects of Sudbury Particulate Matter (SPaM) with Other Particulate Types: Acute and Chronic Studies Sarah M. White Stacey.
Smoke gets in your eyes, and lungs, and. We love a nice fire and the smell of smoke.

Smoke gets in your eyes, and lungs, and. We love a nice fire and the smell of smoke.
Recent advances in the understanding of the health impacts of air pollution Frank Kelly King’s College London The case for a national network of low emission.

Recent advances in the understanding of the health impacts of air pollution Frank Kelly King’s College London The case for a national network of low emission.
The concentration of malondialdehyde in exhaled breath is influenced by air pollution exposure during physical activity in adolescents Kaytna Thaker Department.

The concentration of malondialdehyde in exhaled breath is influenced by air pollution exposure during physical activity in adolescents Kaytna Thaker Department.
Traffic Source Exposures and Health: Studies from the Harvard EPA Particle Center. John J. Godleski, MD Department of Environmental Health Deputy Director,

Traffic Source Exposures and Health: Studies from the Harvard EPA Particle Center. John J. Godleski, MD Department of Environmental Health Deputy Director,
Commentary on the Critical Review Public Health and Components of Particulate Matter: The Changing Assessment of Black Carbon Michael T. Kleinman Department.

Commentary on the Critical Review Public Health and Components of Particulate Matter: The Changing Assessment of Black Carbon Michael T. Kleinman Department.
Scientific Issues: Organic Aerosols

Scientific Issues: Organic Aerosols
Urban Transportation and PM Particulate Matter include small airborne particles known to correlate positively with increased morbidity and mortality. This.

Urban Transportation and PM Particulate Matter include small airborne particles known to correlate positively with increased morbidity and mortality. This.
When mammalian cells are subjected to stress signals, oxygen deficiency, radiation, DNA damage, or Chemo- therapeutic drugs, p53 is activated, leading.

When mammalian cells are subjected to stress signals, oxygen deficiency, radiation, DNA damage, or Chemo- therapeutic drugs, p53 is activated, leading.
IMPACTS OF CRITERIA AIR POLLUTANTS ON THE RESPIRATORY HEALTH OF CHILDREN John R. Balmes, MD UCSF.

IMPACTS OF CRITERIA AIR POLLUTANTS ON THE RESPIRATORY HEALTH OF CHILDREN John R. Balmes, MD UCSF.
Www.capitalhealth.ca 1 Moving Right Along: Transportation, Public Health and Social Equity Sherrill Johnson, PhD Population Health Consultant CPHA, June.

1 Moving Right Along: Transportation, Public Health and Social Equity Sherrill Johnson, PhD Population Health Consultant CPHA, June.
AIR POLLUTION. What is AIR POLLUTION? AIR POLLUTION affects many aspect such as;  Health  Environment  Destroys living organisms  Economic status.

AIR POLLUTION. What is AIR POLLUTION? AIR POLLUTION affects many aspect such as;  Health  Environment  Destroys living organisms  Economic status.
Air Pollution. What is air pollution? The presence of chemicals in the atmosphere in quantities and duration that are harmful to human health and the.

Air Pollution. What is air pollution? The presence of chemicals in the atmosphere in quantities and duration that are harmful to human health and the.
Brief introduction of investigation into PM 2.5 20120701.

Brief introduction of investigation into PM

Similar presentations

Ads by Google