1. Chapter 8 Test Review Parts of a transverse wave – Equilibrium Point AmplitudeCrest TroughWavelength – How does the medium move with respect to wave propagation? Parts of a longitudinal wave – Compression, rarefaction – How does the medium move with respect to wave propagation?

2. Velocity, Frequency, Wavelength, Period Velocity v = λ  f(m/s) Frequency f = v / λ (Hz) or (cycles / second) Wavelength λ = v / f(m) Period 1 / f (Hz)

3. Types of Interference Constructive – When waves “collide” resulting in an increased amplitude Destructive When waves “collide” resulting in an decreased amplitude

4. Reflection Reflection – bouncing of waves off of a surface Law of reflection – angle of incidence = angle of reflection

5. Refraction Refraction- bending of light when travelling from one medium to another – Velocity decreases when travelling from less dense medium to a more dense medium – Velocity increases when travelling from more dense medium to a less dense medium (n) Index of refraction n = c / v

6. Snell’s Law n 1 sinθ 1 = n 2 sinθ 2 Use sin -1 to determine unknown angle Angles need to be in reference to the normal. Light that speeds up bends toward the normal, light that slows down bends away from the normal

7. Critical Angle and Total Internal Reflection TIF – Light will not escape the medium if it is refracted at an angle of 90° Critical angle – the angle of incidence that causes 90° refraction n 1 sinθ 1 = n 2

8. Diffraction Diffraction- the splitting of waves around an object