1. Plum Pox Virus

2. Also Known as Sharka or PPV A Devastating Viral Disease of Stone Fruit, Ornamental Shrubs and Trees from The Genus - Prunus Plum Pox Virus

3. Peaches Plums

4. Apricots Nectarines

5. Sweet & Tart Cherries

6. Almonds

8. Confirmed Locations of PPV in the United States

10. Symptoms Vary According To The Type and Severity of The Disease Strain Leaf Symptoms: – Vein Yellowing, Light Green or Yellow Rings, May Show Crinkling, Puckering, Curling Fruit Symptoms: – Ring Patterns, Blotches, Flesh Discoloration, Misshaped, Deformed Flower Symptoms: – Color Breaking or Streaking in Flowers of PPV Infected Peach Blossoms.

11. PPV Presence in Leaves

12. Deformed Fruit & Stones

13. PPV Present In Peach Blossoms

14. PPV Virus Symptoms May Not Show For 3 Years Disease Reduces Fruit Yield & Fruit Quality – Fruit Tastes Fine But Unappealing To The Eye Economic Impact To The Peach, Plum, Apricot Industry Worldwide - $600 Million Per Year

15. PPV Virus Six Strains of Virus Strain D - The Strain Found in North America This Strain Only Infects Peaches, Nectarines, Apricots, Plums, No Treatment - No Cure

16. Transmission & Spread Short Distance Spread Result of Aphid Transmission Several Aphid Species Can Transmit PPV – Northeastern US Concerned With Black Bean Aphid Spirea Aphid Black Peach Aphid Green Peach Aphid Long Distance Spread By Movement of Infected Plants or Plant Parts

17. How To Manage PPV Natural or Chemical Application May Reduce Aphid Numbers But Impossible To Entirely Control Aphid Population

18. Exclusion – Growers & Nursery Propagators Purchase Only Certified Virus Tested Plant Stock Detection – Testing of Leaf Samples Resistance – Plant Resistance Using Genetic Engineering Inserting PPV Gene Fragments Into Plum Trees To Gain High Resistance to PPV – In Early Experimental Stages Management of PPV

19. Tree Farms

20. Eradication Eradication Is The Most Successful Treatment Timely Removal Of Diseased Trees Once A Tree Is Confirmed To Be A Carrier Of PPV It Must Be Eliminated Stumps Must Also Be Treated Herbicides Used To Prevent Re-growth - Sucker Shoots

21. Questions?