1. Geology 3120 - Rock Fabric

2. Objectives Attitudes of Fabric Attitudes of Fabric Cleavage Cleavage Lineations Lineations Foliations Foliations

3. Fabrics

4. Fabrics

5. Fabrics

6. Fabrics

7. Cleavage General definition - closely-spaced, aligned, planar to curviplanar penetrative surfaces General definition - closely-spaced, aligned, planar to curviplanar penetrative surfaces Continuous verses disjunctive cleavage - planar verses non-planar Continuous verses disjunctive cleavage - planar verses non-planar Mechanical realignment and growth of clay minerals Mechanical realignment and growth of clay minerals Pressure dissolution process Pressure dissolution process

8. Slaty Cleavage Mechanical alignment and growth of clay minerals Mechanical alignment and growth of clay minerals

9. Slaty Cleavage Where is the bedding? Where is the bedding?

10. Slaty Cleavage Where is the cleavage? Where is the cleavage?

11. Slaty Cleavage What direction is the nearest anticline? What direction is the nearest anticline?

12. Pressure Dissolution Cleavage Extensional veins shortened in silt

13. Axial Planar Cleavage Identify the folds

14. Axial Planar Cleavage Identify the cleavage

15. Axial Planar Cleavage Identify the axial surfaces

16. Axial Planar Cleavage

18. Bedding Axial Surfaces

19. Cleavage Vergence West Central East

20. Cleavage Vergence West Central East

21. Cleavage Vergence West Central East

22. Cleavage Vergence West Central East

23. Pressure Solution Cleavage - Limestone Insoluble material is typically contained in the stylolite

24. Introduction to Lineations  One-Dimensional Features  Slickenline lineations  Fault grooves  Stretched conglomerates  Boudins

25. Slickenline Lineations Calcite mineral growth on a fault plane

26. Grooves Grooves are parallel to strike Grooves are parallel to strike What type of fault is this? What type of fault is this?

27. Stretched Conglomerates Rock has a foliation, lineation depends on whether clasts are disc- or rod-shaped

28. Boudins

29. Introduction to Foliations  Bring in the next dimension  Deformation or organization of grains with respect to a two-dimensional surface  Foliations in addition to lineations may yield information about the stretching direction

30. Foliations with Lineations

31. References Slides 3 - 6: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/ductile/describing/lin-plane.htm http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/ductile/describing/lin-plane.htm Slide 1, 8 - 11: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/cleavage/slatey.htm http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/cleavage/slatey.htm Slide 12: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/dmt/psolncleav.htm http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/dmt/psolncleav.htm Slides 13 - 16: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/folds/describing/cleavage/cleavage.htm http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/folds/describing/cleavage/cleavage.htm Slide 17 - 20: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/folds/describing/cleavage/cleaverge.htm http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/folds/describing/cleavage/cleaverge.htm Slide 21: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/dmt/stilolite.htm http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/dmt/stilolite.htm Slide 23: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/faults/strifibres.htm http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/faults/strifibres.htm Slide 24: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/faults/grooves.htm http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/faults/grooves.htm Slide 25: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/ductile/vasgo/congs.htm http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/ductile/vasgo/congs.htm Slide 26: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/extend/boudyke.htm http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/extend/boudyke.htm Slide 26: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/strain/gallery/boudin.html http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/strain/gallery/boudin.html Slide 28: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/ductile/vasgo/myllin.htm http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/ductile/vasgo/myllin.htm Slide 29: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/ductile/gallery/plattgen.htm http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/ductile/gallery/plattgen.htm