1. Vitamin B9 Puja Agarwal

2. Outline  Introduction  Synthesis of Folic Acid in Bacterial Cells.  Spectroscopic Characteristics  Folic Acid Benefits  Types of Foods That contain folic acid  Drug Interactions  Mechanism of Action  Studies on Folic Acid  Conclusion & Future Direction

3. Introduction  What is Vitamin B9?  Vitamin B9 is folic acid.  What is the difference between folic acid & folate?  Folate is inactive form of folic acid

4. Synthesis

5. 13 C NMR 1* 2* 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

6. 1 H NMR A B C D E F G J K L

7. Benefits of Folic Acid  Prevent Serious Birth Defects –Neural Tube Defects  Prevents Certain Types of Cancers –Colon & Breast Cancer  Prevents Alzheimer’s

8. Foods & Folic Acid  Leafy Green Vegetables  Citrus Fruits  Peanuts  Oatmeal  Breakfast Cereal  Breads  Beans  Liver  Brewer’s Yeast

9. Foods & Folic Acid

10. Drug Interactions  Nonsteriodal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)  Cholesterol Lowering Agents.  Methotraxate  Oral Contraceptives  Anti-Depressants  Antibiotics  Proton Pump Inhibitor’s (PPI’s)  Oral Diabetic Medications

11. Drug Interactions

12. Mechanism of Action  Folates are deconjugated in the cells of intestinal walls into its monoglutamate form.

13. Mechanism of Action  Folates function as carbon donors in the synthesis of serine.

14. Mechanism of Action  Folates also play an important role in the synthesis of purines, pyrimidine bases & in the synthesis of tRNA.

15. Mechanism of Action  Folates also serve as methyl donors to create methylcobalamin, which is used for remethylation of homocysteine to methionine. Methylcobalamin

16. Studies on Folic Acid  Blount et al (1997) recently showed that folate deficiency can cause a massive incorporation of uracil into human DNA, hence leading to chromosome breaks.  Another study by Kim et al (1997) suggested that folate deficiency induces DNA strand breaks and hypomethylation within the p53 gene.  Several other studies have also shown that Folic Acid deficiency can also cause Neural Tube Defects, Cancer, Alzheimer’s disease and Anemia.

17. Conclusion  Prevents Serious Birth Defects  Prevents Cancer  Prevents Alzheimer’s  Prevents Heart Disease & Stroke

18. Future Direction  Folic acid can improve endothelial function  Folic acid plays an important role in production of normal red blood cells.

19. References  http://web.chem.ucla.edu/~harding/cfqpp/ocp.pdf http://web.chem.ucla.edu/~harding/cfqpp/ocp.pdf  http://www.folicacidnow.net/ http://www.folicacidnow.net/  http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/vitamins/fa/ http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/vitamins/fa/  http://vvv.com/healthnews/folate.html http://vvv.com/healthnews/folate.html  http://www.emedicine.com/MED/topic802.htm http://www.emedicine.com/MED/topic802.htm  http://www.umm.edu/altmed/ConsSupplements/VitaminB9 FolicAcidcs.html http://www.umm.edu/altmed/ConsSupplements/VitaminB9 FolicAcidcs.html  Periz-Castrillon JL, Arranz-Pena ML, Luis DD. Homocystine as a predictive factor for hip fracture in older persons. New England Journal of Medicine 2004;2:351-61  Dr. Adamcezski

20. QUESTIONS ?