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Incident-energy and system-size dependence of directed flow Gang Wang (UCLA) for STAR Collaboration  Introduction to directed flow  Detectors: ZDC-SMD,

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Presentation on theme: "Incident-energy and system-size dependence of directed flow Gang Wang (UCLA) for STAR Collaboration  Introduction to directed flow  Detectors: ZDC-SMD,"— Presentation transcript:

1 Incident-energy and system-size dependence of directed flow Gang Wang (UCLA) for STAR Collaboration  Introduction to directed flow  Detectors: ZDC-SMD, (F)TPC  Cross check with PHOBOS  Comparison between 4 systems  Summary

2 Gang Wang (UCLA) Nov 19, 2006 2 ptpt Higher harmonics rapidity or directed flow Anisotropic flow Directed flow (v 1 ) Elliptic flow (v 2 )

3 Gang Wang (UCLA) Nov 19, 2006 3 J. -Y. Ollitrault, Nucl. Phys. A638, 195c (1998). RHIC Easier to measure Harder! Non-flow effects Flow fluctuations Low statistics STAR Collaboration, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 062301 (2004)

4 Gang Wang (UCLA) Nov 19, 2006 4 STAR Main Detector

5 Gang Wang (UCLA) Nov 19, 2006 5 STAR ZDC-SMD SMD is 8 horizontal slats & 7 vertical slats located at 1/3 of the depth of the ZDC New knowledge of the direction of the impact parameter vector Minimal, if any, non-flow effects Worse resolution than from TPC, but that disadvantage is minor ZDC side view Scintillator slats of Shower Max Detector Transverse plane of ZDC

6 Gang Wang (UCLA) Nov 19, 2006 6 Cross check with PHOBOS Within errors, STAR v 1 of charged hadrons agrees with PHOBOS’ results. PHOBOS Collaboration, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 012301 (2006) 5% - 40%

7 Gang Wang (UCLA) Nov 19, 2006 7 Comparisons of charged hadron v 1 between 4 collision systems: 200 GeV Au +Au 200 GeV Cu +Cu 62.4 GeV Au +Au 62.4 GeV Cu +Cu

8 Gang Wang (UCLA) Nov 19, 2006 8 Resolution of 1 st -order event plane from STAR ZDC-SMD Full EP resolution depends on spectator v 1 and the number of hits falling on ZDC-SMDs.

9 Gang Wang (UCLA) Nov 19, 2006 9 Best case: 200 GeV Au + Au Charged hadron v 1 is in the direction opposite to that of spectators.

10 Gang Wang (UCLA) Nov 19, 2006 10 Best case: 200 GeV Au + Au In mid-rapidity, v 1 (p t ) crosses zero at p t above 1 GeV/c in the central and mid-central collisions. Not seen in the forward region. Hydro model predicts the zero- crossing in v 1 (p t ), but the prediction also applies to the forward region. If we assume that pions and protons flow oppositely, then the change in their relative abundances leads to the zero-crossing. With the yields of (anti)proton and pion, we can fit the v 1 (p t ) points assuming v 1 (p t ) for pions and (anti)protons are straight lines.

11 Gang Wang (UCLA) Nov 19, 2006 11 AMPT v 1 (η): system-size dependence System size doesn’t seem to influence v 1 ( η ).

12 Gang Wang (UCLA) Nov 19, 2006 12 v 1 (η): incident-energy dependence v 1 magnitude is bigger at 62.4 GeV than at 200 GeV.The hypothesis of limiting fragmentation is supported.

13 Gang Wang (UCLA) Nov 19, 2006 13 v1(pt)v1(pt) At 200 GeV, v 1 (p t )shows similarity in Au +Au and Cu +Cu collision systems. At 62.4 GeV, this is true for low p t. More statistics is needed in higher p t for Cu +Cu. For all 4 cases, v 1 (p t ) goes to zero when p t is zero, and increases in magnitude with p t until reaching the maximum and turning back.

14 Gang Wang (UCLA) Nov 19, 2006 14 Integrated v 1 At 200 GeV, integrated v 1 shows similarity in Au +Au and Cu +Cu collision systems. At 62.4 GeV, this is seemingly true. More statistics is needed for Cu +Cu. For all 4 cases, integrated v 1 goes to zero in central collisions, and increases in magnitude from central to peripheral collisions.

15 Gang Wang (UCLA) Nov 19, 2006 15 Summary Best case: 200 GeV Au + Au –Charged particle v 1 (η) tends to turn back towards zero at forward pseudo-rapidities in central collisions. –v 1 ( p t ) crosses zero at p t above 1 GeV/c in central and mid- central collisions in mid-rapidities. v 1 shows similiarities between AuAu and CuCu as functions of η, p t and centrality at both 200 GeV and seemingly at 62.4 GeV. AMPT model predicts this effect at 200 GeV. Limiting fragmentation hypothesis is supported by AuAu data, and seemingly by CuCu data. Results of v 1 {ZDC-SMD} will be cross-checked by other methods.

16 Gang Wang (UCLA) Nov 19, 2006 16 Backup Slides

17 Gang Wang (UCLA) Nov 19, 2006 17 Flow study with ZDC-SMD: 4 terms In analysis: For example: To systematically study the method with ZDC-SMD, we can use the sub event plane from only east or west ZDC-SMD, instead of the full event plane, and even break down the correlation into X and Y direction. Definitions of 4 terms:

18 Gang Wang (UCLA) Nov 19, 2006 18 Identified particles : v 1 in 62 GeV Au +Au STAR Collaboration, Phys. Rev. C 73, 034903 (2006)

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