1. Quantum Numbers

2. How does a letter get to you? 5501 Haltom Rd Haltom City, TX 76137

3. How does a letter get to you? 5501 Haltom Rd Haltom City, TX 76137 Very general – includes many cities

4. How does a letter get to you? 5501 Haltom Rd Haltom City, TX 76137 Very general – includes many cities Still general – includes a handful of cities

5. How does a letter get to you? 5501 Haltom Rd Haltom City, TX 76137 Very general – includes many cities Still general – includes a handful of cities Specific, but includes many places

6. How does a letter get to you? 5501 Haltom Rd Haltom City, TX 76137 Very general – includes many cities Still general – includes a handful of cities Specific, but includes many places Very specific – specifies only 1 place

7. Quantum numbers are mathematical “addresses” of electrons for an atom – no two electrons can have the same exact address

8. NotesSummary

9. Quantum numbers are mathematical “addresses” of electrons for an atom – no two electrons can have the same exact address (n, l, m l, m s ) => title

10. n = principle quantum number energy level relates to size possible values are all positive integers (1 to ∞) n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (seven periods on the periodic table) Notes Summary

11. l = azimuthal quantum number sublevel relates to shape possible values are 0 to n-1 (currently 0-3) s = 0 p = 1 d = 2 f = 3 Notes Summary

12. m l = magnetic quantum number orbitals possible values are integers from –l to l if l = 0, then s = 0 if l = 1, then p = -1, 0, 1 if l = 2, then d = -2, -1, 0, 1, 2 if l = 3, then f = -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3 Notes Summary

13. m s = spin quantum number spin of the electron possible values are ½ and -½ = ½ = -½ Notes Summary

14. example – Ti (22 electrons) orbital notation ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ __ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d

15. example – Ti (22 electrons) orbital notation ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ __ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 1st arrow (1, 0, 0, ½)

16. example – Ti (22 electrons) orbital notation ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ __ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 1st arrow (1, 0, 0, ½) 2 nd arrow (1, 0, 0, -½)

17. example – Ti (22 electrons) orbital notation ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ __ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 1st arrow (1, 0, 0, ½) 2 nd arrow (1, 0, 0, -½) Can be combined into (1, 0, 0, ±½)

18. ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ __ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 3 rd and 4 th arrows = (2, 0, 0, ±½)

19. ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ __ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 3 rd and 4 th arrows = (2, 0, 0, ±½) for 2p: (2, 1, -1, ±½) and (2, 1, 0, ±½) and (2, 1, 1, ±½)

20. ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ __ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 3 rd and 4 th arrows = (2, 0, 0, ±½) for 2p: (2, 1, -1, ±½) and (2, 1, 0, ±½) and (2, 1, 1, ±½) for 3s: (3, 0, 0, ±½)

21. ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ __ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 3 rd and 4 th arrows = (2, 0, 0, ±½) for 2p: (2, 1, -1, ±½) and (2, 1, 0, ±½) and (2, 1, 1, ±½) for 3s: (3, 0, 0, ±½) for 3p: (3, 1, -1, ±½) and (3, 1, 0, ±½) and (3, 1, 1, ±½)

22. ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ __ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 3 rd and 4 th arrows = (2, 0, 0, ±½) for 2p: (2, 1, -1, ±½) and (2, 1, 0, ±½) and (2, 1, 1, ±½) for 3s: (3, 0, 0, ±½) for 3p: (3, 1, -1, ±½) and (3, 1, 0, ±½) and (3, 1, 1, ±½) for 4s: (4, 0, 0, ±½)

23. ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ __ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 3 rd and 4 th arrows = (2, 0, 0, ±½) for 2p: (2, 1, -1, ±½) and (2, 1, 0, ±½) and (2, 1, 1, ±½) for 3s: (3, 0, 0, ±½) for 3p: (3, 1, -1, ±½) and (3, 1, 0, ±½) and (3, 1, 1, ±½) for 4s: (4, 0, 0, ±½) for 3d: (3, 2, -2, ½) and (3, 2, -1, ½) notice -- no more arrows